Electronic Health Record Essay -- Information Technology

After decades of paper based medical records, a clean type of record keeping has surfaced - the Electronic Health Record (EHR). EHR is an electronic or digital format concept of an individuals past and pose medical history. It is the principle storage place for data and development about the health care services provided to an individual forbearing. It is maintained by a provider over time and capable of being shared across different healthcare settings by network-connected information systems. Such records may include key administrative and clinical data relevant to that persons care under a particular provider. Examples of such records may include demographics, physician notes, problems or injuries, medications and allergies, vital signs, medical history, immunizations, research lab data, radiology reports and billing information (www.cms.gov). The EHRs purpose can be understood as a complete record of patient encounters that automates access to information and has the poten tial to streamline the clinicians workflow in a healthcare setting. It also has the ability to support other care-related activities directly or indirectly through discordant interfaces, including evidence-based decision support, quality management, and outcomes reporting (www.cms.gov Electronic Health Records, 2010).One of the main purposes of the EHR is to improve and strengthen the relationship between clinicians and their patients. It also is an attempt to reduce patient suffering due to medical errors and aid healthcare workers to make better decisions in providing quality care. The collection of data can also prevent stress duplications, delays in treatments and procedures, prescription interactions, automate templates and/or forms and improve clarity... ...p//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_Level_7Medical record privacy. (2010, August 9). Retrieved August 10, 2010 from http//epic.org/privacy/medical/Tegan, Anne, et al. The EHRs Impact on HIM Functions. Journal of AHIMA 76, no .5 (May 2005) 56C-H.Sprague, Lisa. (2004, kinsfolk 29). Electronic health records How close? How far to go?Retrieved August 10, 2010 from https//www.nhpf.org/library/issue-briefs/IB800_EHRs.pdfLeavitt, Mark. (2008, September 25). The Positive impacts of certification bigger than anyone realized. Retrieved August 11, 2010 from http//ehrdecisions.com/2008/09/25/the-positive-impacts-of-certification-%E2%80%93-bigger-than-anyone-realized/Morton, Mary. (2010). EHR word sense factors in ambulatory care a survey of physician perceptions. Retrieved August 11, 2010 from http//library.ahima.org/xpedio/groups/public/documents/ahima

What About Here At Home? :: essays research papers

What About Here At Home?With America at the heels of its President, it is now fourth dimension to strike. Against terrorists, yes, but thats not what Im talking about here. It is time for the government to strike here at home. To reinsure safety to its citizens is the elementary goal for the government right now - safety from foreign attacks, but also economic safety. In order to do so, I am go an idea so profound, so absurd, that many of you will not be able handle it. What the government should do right now is cut taxes. Tremendously. provided wait a minute. We are entering a war and you want us to cut taxes? It is detrimental that right now we restore faith in investing. It is necessary in order for our economy to maintain, to ensure the survival of slumping businesses. Becoming clearer is the fact that we are beginning a long battle against terrorism. In opposite words, war has begun. One of the main reasons the U.S. economy was so gigantic from 1992-2000, was the absence o f nuclear threat. Once the cold war ended, Americans had little fear of invasion. Simply put, Americans believed they would animated longer. Therefore, personal discount rates declined, unleashing unlimited room for investment, and subsequently long term decline of interest rates. Now, we again face fear of nuclear attack. musical composition it is fine for the President to insist on our spending, investing, and carrying on lives in normality, it simply is not realistic. To retreat this fear we all have, words will not do justice, only actions. If taxes are cut, across the board, citizens will have more to save, and equally more to invest. As far as businesses go, a tax cut would leave behind not only for more production, but also for more research, and a larger paycheck for you and I. A large tax cut would also pull up stakes for new businesses to start, something very unlikely at this time without. An example of this are oil and drilling companies. With much of our oil coming from Arab and Muslim states, the time has induce to drift away from dependency. If we could isolate ourselves financially from Middle Eastern states, then we have less to lose by going to war with them. The United States sure enough isnt the only country whose major supply of oil comes from the Middle East.

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Essay -- Crib Death SIDS

Sudden Infant Death SyndromeSudden infant death syndrome, improve known as S.I.D.S., is one of theleading dresss for the inflated infant mortality rate in this country today. Itis often misunderstood or unrecognizable. For the most part, the social movements of SIDSare unbeknown(predicate) to the general public. This is changing, however, as publicawareness is ever increasing. Thus, the purpose of this paper will be toexplain sudden infant death syndrome and its known or suggested yards. Also,the history of SIDS, the problems and emotional suffering that results from theloss of a child, the toll it takes on the surviving sibling, and possiblecounseling or other help that is available for parents who whitethorn have lost a childto SIDS are such areas that will be explored. Overall I hope to achieve abetter understanding of all these suggested topics within the body of the paper.SIDS is also commonly referred to as crib death. It is said to claimapproximately in the range of 6,000 to 7,000 babies a year within thecontinental United States alone, with a slight increase each year (Bergman xi).This would seem to be an astounding figure, but when the figure of the resumeamount of babies that are born in the United States is compared to that of thenumber of deaths due to SIDS, it accounts for only a small percentage. It is asmall percentage that hopefully butt joint be reduced. And to any parents, the loss ofjust one child is definitely one too many, despite of the statistics that arecurrently available. During the first week of invigoration is where most deaths thatare associated with prematurity dominate, SIDS is the leading cause of deathamong infants under one year of age, according to Bergman. It ranks second onlyto injuries as the cause of death in children less than fifteen years of age.An unknown fact is that SIDS takes more lives than other more common diseasessuch as leukemia, oculus disease or cystic fibrosis (Bergman 24). Ironically itwas not unti l the middle of the 1970s until SIDS was no longer ignored as beinga cause of death. For the most part, no research was being conducted, leavingfamilies and victims left to wonder why their babies died (Mandell 129). Forthe family and friends of the family, who also are victims, this was definitelya tragedy. Not knowing the cause of death had to have caused physical andemotional ... ...Gregory, Geoff. The Discovery of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. The Journalof the American Medical Association 264 (1990) 2731.Kahn, A., et al. Problems in Management of Infants With an homely LifeThreatening Event. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 533 (1988)78-88.Limerick, Sylvia. Family and Health Professional Interactions. Annals of theNew York Academy of Sciences. 533 (1988) 145-154.Malloy, Michael H. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Maternal Smoking.American Journal Of Public Health. 82 (1992) 1380-182.Mandell, Frederick, et al. the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Annals of theNew York A cademy of Sciences. 533 (1988) 129-131.Mandell, Frederick, et al. The Surviving Child in the SIDS Family.Pediatrician. 15 (1988) 217-221.Martin, Richard, J. respiratory Disorders During Sleep in Pediatrics. NewYork Futura Publishing Co., 1990.Powell, Maria. The Psychological Impact of SIDS on Siblings. Irish JournalOf Psychology. 12 (1991) 235-247.Raub, William. Chronic Fetal Hypoxia May predispose Infants to Sudden InfantDeath Syndrome. The Journal of the American Medical Association. 264 (1990)2731.

Brecht :: essays research papers

     It is difficult to imagine a play which is completely successful in portraying drama as Bertolt Brecht envisioned it to be. For galore(postnominal) years before and since Brecht proposed his theory of Epic Theatre, writers, directors and actors have been foc employ on the vitality of entertaining the audience, and creating characters with which the spectator can empathize. Epic Theatre believes that the actor-spectator family should be one of distinct separation, and that the spectator should learn from the actor rather than relate to him. Two contemporary plays that have been written in the last cardinal years which examine and work with Brechtian ideals are Fanshen by David Hare, and The Laramie Project by Moises Kaufman. The question to be examined is whether either of these two plays are entirely successful in achieving what was later called, The Alienation Effect.     Over the course of his career, Brecht developed the criteria fo r and conditions needed to create Epic Theatre. The role of the audience can be likened to that of a conference of college aged students or intellectuals. Brecht believed in the intelligence of his audience, and their capacity for critical analysis. He detested the trance-like state that an Aristotelian performance can lure the audience into. Plays that regard life and humanity are appealing to an audience, and this makes it easy for them to identify with the hero, they reach a state of self oblivion. The spectator becomes one with the actor, and experiences the same fantastical flood that is unattainable in real life.     However, at the end of the performance, the audience has already experienced the      highest emotional climax, the memory of which is strung along by the inevitable      secret plan resolution. The audience has no choice but to leave with the rapidly fading      memory of their dra matic stimulation and return to the underwhelming reality that      awaits them outside of the orbit. "The task of epic poem theatre, Brecht believes, is not so much to develop actions as to represent conditions. But to represent does not here signify reproduce in the sensed used by theoreticians of Naturalism. Rather, the first point at issue is to uncover those conditions. (One could just as well say to make them strange(Benjamin 1966, 18-9)"The art of epic theatre consists in arousing astonishment rather than EMPATHY." (Benjamin 1966,16) Theatre consists in this in making live representations of reported or invented happenings between human beings and doing so with a catch up with to entertainment.

Paper About Life -- essays research papers

The Longman dictionary of American Englishdefines biography as, the force that enables usto continue. intent in my eyes is the intervalof time between birth and death. Throughoutlife you will be placed in situations, andput to the test of time. on that point will be timeswhen you are joyous, and times when you aresorrowful. This is the period of trial andtribulation. Face the fact life is hard.Being an adolescent, a person is previous(p)to the world. The value of an inexperiencedadolescent is meaningless, compared to aperson who has more experience in life. WhenI was younger, I payed very little attentionto the values of life of life. In my eyes,life was fun and games. I felt I wouldalways be a child, and have the never-endingsupport of my parents. I knew I lived an unassailable life, until tragedy struck andchanged my life forever.Just a few years ago, I was put through avery emotional stage of depression. At theyoung age of fourteen, my mother went intocardiac arrest. I remembe r having a horribledream that specific night about a death inmy family. I remember hearing the cries ofmy father and sisters. It was thoses verycries that awoke me from my sleep. At thetime of my awakening, I was very confused.It was as if I was living out my dream.As I walked the hallway, I noticed somestrangers were in my home. These strangerswere wearing paramedic paraphernalia.Suddenly, my heart began to skip beats. Inoticed that something was not right in myhome. I followed th...

Temptation in the Fellowship of the Ring Essay -- literary Analysis, J

One frame in to rule them all, One Ring to find them, One Ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them, (55). The One Ring controls Gollum, Bilbo, Boromir, and Frodo in attempts to return to Sauron, Its Creator, the Lord of the Rings, and the utmost evil present in J.R.R. Tolkiens novels. But the Ring never achieves Its goal because each character possesses a unique set of skills which resist the evil temptations of the Ring. Gollum is the first victim of the Ring, with no companionship of Its powers or advocate away from Its control. Bilbo is the second ring bearer, with an almost complete knowledge of the Rings power still has difficulty resisting the Rings temptation. Gandalf guides Bilbo to constantly resist the evil of the Ring. Boromir never gets his hands on the Ring but craves Its power thinking he erect use it for good, ignoring the guidance offered to him at the Council of Elrond. Frodo has the most knowledge and guidance of all the characters but also seems to have the strongest temptations. J.R.R. Tolkien uses characterization in the Fellowship of the Ring to prove that people without a want for power resist temptation through knowledge, good habits, and guidance.Gollum cannot resist the Rings temptation because he has no knowledge of the Ring and no guidance to form good habits and prevent addiction to the Ring. Gollum, originally, Smagol wanted the Ring because of Its beauty but his friend, Dagol found it first. After Dagol refused to just mete out the Ring to Smagol because it was his birthday, he Smagol caught Dagol by the throat and strangled him, because the gold looked so bright and beautiful. Then he put the ring on his finger, (58). But after he found the Ring, he had no guidance to form good ... ... and if by life or death I can save you, I will, (194). Aragorn, also known as Strider, accompanied the hobbits from the Prancing Pony Inn all the way to the Council of Elrond. Gandalf was also a guiding path for Frodo retentiven ess him updated on the evils of the Ring. I CANT FIND A QUOTE. But even with all his guidance Frodo still feels temptation from this Ring of power. A jerky unreasoning fear of discovery laid hold of Frodo, and he thought of his Ring. He hardly dared to breathe, and yet the desire to get it out of his pocket became so strong that he began slowly to move his hand. He felt that he had only to slip it on, and then he would be safe, (83). Frodo Baggins with knowledge and guidance was sufficient to make good choices throughout his journey to Mordor in the Fellowship of the Ring because of his knowledge of the Ring and the guidance that surrounded him.

Biography of Martin Luther King, Jr :: MLK Martin Luther King Civil Rights

Biography of Martin Luther nance, JrMartin Luther pouf, Jr. was born January 15th, 1929, in Atlanta Georgia. Hisparents are Martin Luther King, Sr.and Alberta Williams King. His father was a prominent member of the colourcommunity in Atlanta and was a Baptist Minister. Hisfamily stressed the need of a firm education to lean back on. King attended a local, segregated public inculcate and was dedicated to learn. At the age of 15, King attended Morehouse college and graduated in 1948. King continued his pursuit of knowledge at Croezer Theological Seminary and later graduatedwith honorsonly to yet his education by getting a doctoral degree in systematic theology in 1955.During Kings education, he learned the importance of public speaking. King was ordained a Baptist minister at the age of 18. King used this to express himself freely and he was able to persuade his Listeners. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. not only spoke with purpose but also with a style unlike any others. He was an ins pirational speaker and a motivational leader. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., motivated others with his tremendous speeches and actions. Dr. King used his gift to change the views and beliefs and to lead his peoplethroughout their course of the civil rights movement. Dr. Kings personality had very good characteristics that black Americans needed for a leader. At all times Dr.King clearly state his ideas and thoughts surrounding peace and equality in the United States. Dr. King is kn ingest as One of the worlds best known advocates of non-violent social change strategies. His ideals came from African-American religious traditions which were then grown more from his education. This social activist and leader was the resultof lengthened formal education, strong personal values and ethics. His excellencein leadership can be traced to his character which is shaped by his moral values andpersonality. Dr. Kings own love,and sense of caring, motivated him to fight for equality which aloud him to become one of the greatest, closely influential speakers and writer. When people listened to him, they were easily persuaded and this incouragedthem to keep listening and following him. During his time, most Americans believed that African Americans were uneducated and not on the same level as white Americans, so blacks were treated so differently. Dr. King used speeches and letters to point others they were wrong. Dr. King knew that if he was going to make an impression on his audience he was

The Eight Essential Steps to Conflict Resolution Essay -- essays re

&65279The book that I chose to read for my book review was, The Eight Essential Steps ToConflict effect by Dr. Dudley Weeks. The reason I chose to read a book on scrapresolution was to further improve my skills at avoiding and dealing with problems. Because I finger that a person truly shows their character not when things are going well but when thingsbegin to go bad. And having the ability to deal with those problems strengthens one as a person.Dudley Weeks, PH.D. is widely commended as one of the worlds leaders in conflictresolution. He lives in Washington, D.C., has worked in over sixty countries and has counseledthousands of businesses, families, and communities in the United States. Dr. Weeks has twicebeen nominated for the Noble Peace Prize. Dr. Weeks is now teaching conflict resolution at theAmerican University School of International Service and gives workshops throughout the world.Dr. Weeks basic all toldy tears conflict resolution into eight steps. The first step is to create aneffective atmosphere. The second step is to clarify perceptions. Third is focus on individual andshared needs. Fourth is build shared positive power. Fifth is look to the future, then learn fromthe medieval. Sixth is generate options. Seventh is develop Doables. And the closing curtain step is makemutual benefit agreements. Dr. Weeks also touches on topics such as handling anger, dealingwith people who only want things their way, and dealing with conflicts that deal an injustice.The first step is about Creating an Effective Atmosphere. Creating an effectiveatmosphere is a very important step in the conflict resolution process. It is more apparent for mutualagreements be reached when the atmosphere is given careful consideration. When thinking aboutatmosphere remember these ideas personal preparation, timing, location, and lastly openingstatements. Personal preparation is doing all you can to ready yourself in positive ways toapproach issues honestly and openly. Timing m eans that choosing a era that is best for allparties involved, a time in which no one is feeling pressed to move on or pressured in other ways. Location suggests that where you meet is as important as when you meet, it is best to pick a placewhere all parties can feel com... ...esolution. I effect it extremely helpful incertain areas, I also found that I actually dosome of the steps when I am dealing with a conflict. For example, when a conflict occurs I try tounderstand what happened with past conflicts and avoid repeating the same mistakes over again. Also when we are trying to find a solution I look for a solution that bequeath be both beneficial to meand them. I did learn some good ways to organize our thoughts and solutions. I also learned toget to the heart of the conflict and focus on only that, and avoid all side issues.As for my opinion of the author, I think he may be a purify counselor and doctor than awriter. I found some of the reading sort of confusing and complic ated, and had to read severalsections over a few generation to totally understand his point. Some of the vocabulary he uses is a bittechnical, many words I needed look up to understand Dr. Weeks point. So basically what I amsaying is that I found the reading to be a bit difficult but I really enjoyed the informational outlookof the book and that I learned a lot on how we should work through conflict and come to aresolution that benefits both parties.

Body Shop :: essays research papers

Written Case clay Shop, pp. 72-731) Is Anita Roddick correct when she claims that it is possible to run a business in a very honourable and socially responsible manner and still give shareholders a wondrous return on their investment?Answer I think her statement is believably correct and I appreciate it too. However, I would noted that the natures of environmental concerns and considerations for the people in third world countries are somehow contrary to the stockholders satisfaction. If people run through no more interest on how Body Shop concern humanity or if there are any news that dishonored Body Shop contributions (just like what happened in the case), it would be a crisis for its stock price. 2) Is the percentages of ingredients that come from Trade not Aid project an irrelevant statistic, as Gordon Roddick claims?Answer I think it is not an irrelevant statistic for the public to evaluate Body Shop contributions. However, I would say that it is inadequate information that might mislead the public. I sum up that we should also look at those courses that Body Shop had taken to solve difficulties to reach the goal to help people. But the general public would not work them easier, that is why we need statistic. I would suggest Body Shop to issue quarterly report on the journey of help people in monastic order to support the statisic. 3) In light of the ethicvs audit report, evaluate Body Shops claim to be ethically responsible.Answer I would say that, as a commercial company, Body Shop is being one of the most ethically responsible companies. It takes

Body Shop :: essays research papers

Written Case Body Shop, pp. 72-731) Is Anita Roddick correct when she claims that it is possible to run a business in a very ethical and socially responsible manner and still give shareholders a wondrous return on their investment funds?Answer I think her statement is probably correct and I appreciate it too. However, I would noted that the natures of environmental concerns and considerations for the people in third valet de chambre countries are somehow contrary to the stockholders satisfaction. If people have no more interest on how Body Shop concern humanity or if on that point are any news that dishonored Body Shop contributions (just like what happened in the case), it would be a crisis for its stock price. 2) Is the percentages of ingredients that come from Trade not upkeep project an irrelevant statistic, as Gordon Roddick claims?Answer I think it is not an irrelevant statistic for the public to evaluate Body Shop contributions. However, I would say that it is deficient i nformation that might mislead the public. I agree that we should also look at those courses that Body Shop had taken to solve difficulties to reach the goal to garter people. But the general public would not realize them easier, that is why we need statistic. I would suggest Body Shop to issue quarterly report on the journey of help people in order to support the statisic. 3) In light of the ethicvs audit report, evaluate Body Shops claim to be ethically responsible.Answer I would say that, as a commercial company, Body Shop is being one of the most ethically responsible companies. It takes

Multimedia in the Palm of your Hand :: Technology Technological Papers

Multimedia in the Palm of your Hand Hand Held Video backsHand held video gamys have been around since 1991 when Game Boy came out with the first hand held video game. When Game Boy hit the market it sold about fory eight million copies worldwide. Video game systems argon a big part of are popular culture right now. We have seen many advances in the hand held video game effort since 1991. Game Boy has recently come out with a new colored Game Boy called Vitual Boy. The Virtual Boy uses two, tiny mirrored screens. a large with two screens they used two different colors, red and black, to produce a 3-D effect. This game console came out in the U.S. in 1995 but was not a success at all.Game Boy will now try again this year to build of their success in 1991. Nintendo is now climax out with Game Boy Advance. Game Boy Advance ( excessively known as GBA), will be coming out this year and will change for about $80-$90. You the consumer will have fifteen games to chose from which run for about$30-$40. You will also be able to use your old Game Boy games to bestow on the GBA. The GBA has fifty percent bigger screen and fifty percent better battery life. Nintendo says that the built in screen will have a sharper picture than the 64-bit consoles connected to a regular television. We are seeing Nintendo trying to build off their big success of the original Game Boy. umteen people do not see Game Boy as a computer. Nintendos software company called Gametek has developed a program that you so-and-so take your Game Boy and turn it into a personal organizer, spell-checker, or even a travel guide. Sega which came out with the colored Game Gear system, also sell an attachment that will convert your Game Gear into a television . Music at Your Fingertips Portable MP3 players have come a long way in just a short period of time. Soon cassette and CD players will be considered as stone-age devices. Right now there are more than 50 different kinds of M P3 players ranging from simple to high-tech. Yet, the question that still remains is why are these players so popular?

Multimedia in the Palm of your Hand :: Technology Technological Papers

Multimedia in the Palm of your glide by Hand Held Video GamesHand held video games have been around since 1991 when Game Boy came place with the first hand held video game. When Game Boy hit the market it sold nigh fory eight million copies worldwide. Video game systems are a loose part of are common culture right now. We have seen many advances in the hand held video game industry since 1991. Game Boy has recently come pop with a new colored Game Boy called Vitual Boy. The practical(prenominal) Boy drills two, tiny mirrored screens. Along with two screens they used two different colors, red and black, to produce a 3-D effect. This game console came out in the U.S. in 1995 but was not a success at all.Game Boy will now try again this year to manufacture of their success in 1991. Nintendo is now feeler out with Game Boy Advance. Game Boy Advance (also known as GBA), will be coming out this year and will sell for about $80-$90. You the consumer will have fifteen gam es to chose from which run for about$30-$40. You will also be able to use your old Game Boy games to play on the GBA. The GBA has fifty percent bigger screen and fifty percent better battery life. Nintendo says that the built in screen will have a sharper picture than the 64-bit consoles connected to a regular television. We are seeing Nintendo trying to build off their big success of the original Game Boy. Many people do not see Game Boy as a computer. Nintendos software caller-out called Gametek has developed a program that you can take your Game Boy and turn it into a personal organizer, spell-checker, or even a travel guide. Sega which came out with the colored Game Gear system, also sell an attachment that will convert your Game Gear into a television . Music at Your Fingertips man-portable MP3 players have come a long way in just a short period of time. Soon cassette and CD players will be considered as stone-age devices. Right now there are more than 50 di fferent kinds of MP3 players ranging from simple to high-tech. Yet, the question that still remains is why are these players so popular?

Western and Eastern Architecture

Culture and traditions invite been an important comp sensationnt in influencing the development and creation of both Chinese and Roman architecture. It is through these norms that standards and perceptions of stunner are created. Each facet is deeply rooted in its index to showcase the variety of actions from the structural foundations towards internal arrangements. These ideas then constitute the relevant ideas that have transformed the way construction and design is manifested within the boundaries of each culture.In the end, these differences created similarities and differences in approaches that harnessed each ones individuality and contribution to the instauration today. On one aspect, we see the Roman architecture which bases its definition and construction of structures and buildings under a prescribed standard and format. These prevailing concepts have evolved through era under the pioneering Roman thinkers during the time.Under this process, a system for construction w as introduced with by using important tenets such(prenominal) as geometry and mathematics that denote synchronization and sound out of things. Through this, the Romans advocate the relevance of proportion, both in exterior and interior design. It is through this that they are able to create their own trenchant mark such as the formation of tablinum, atrium and peristyle courtyards. Comparing this with Chinese architecture, it toilette be argued that the overall design and architecture is considered to be free flowing.The plan captures the relevance of aesthetics by capturing the elements of nature and blending them accordingly with the both in the interior and exterior of the structure. It is through these actions that the idea of harmonization and being one with the overall surroundings becomes important. In addition, incorporation of natural elements such as trees and plants are also some distinct facets practiced by the Chinese. Moreover, adopting relative natural elements to these structures also necessitates generating freedom and ability to garner wholeness.Seeing these relevant differences, there are also similarities between these distinct approaches in viewing architecture and design. One relevant parallelism that can be seen in this process is that both approaches denote a system and standard of measurement and design. Though the Chinese may not be also strict about this and often tries to cover this up, the two ideas exhibit relevant attention to such facet and helps them apply significant ideas that contribute the creation of vivid structures.Another significant similarity between these two styles is their ability to dig deep within their cultural backgrounds and affiliations to come up with standards and processes of how to construct and design structures. allow in for example, the Chinese model for Buddhism and its relevance with being one with nature (Zen) has been the core concepts that generate such buildings. On the other hand, for the Romans, it is their constant passion for architecture and superb design that has enabled them to come up with ideas such as Coliseums, arched domes, and public baths.These similarities in turn foster their individuality as each approach makes their distinct mark in the overall application and design process. It may be true that each one possesses similar building foundations however each one targets a different path in its application. With their ability to fabricate unique sets of designs, both the Chinese and Romans were able to create a framework that is encompassing and helpful towards the growth of their relative inventiveness and capture the essence of their cultural heritage and practice.

Human Proportions in Architecture

After having considered the right arrangement of the hu humanitykind consistence, the ancients proportioned all their work, particularly the temples, in accordance with it. To what extent does the human body mold architectural excogitates and writing from antiquity to 1600? The study of the human body has spanned centuries, from the mathematicians of antiquity to the humanist scholars of the High Renaissance, and parallels between the bodily proportions and architecture have played their part in some of the most celebrated architectural feats.Writers and architects throughout this period never eased in exploring the various ways in which the arrangement of the human body could be applied to architecture, from associations with the specious Section, to the Roman complete(a) amount, and the creation of the square and the isthmus as model forms derived from the Vitamins man. Yet, whilst all these issues were signifi slewt to the architects and writers of this period, many other factors were Just as important in determining the architecture produced.It is important to take into account non only alternative systems of proportion other than those derived from the human body, provided a corresponding the historical and social context in which buildings were being designed. Furthermore, whilst writers and architects were influenced by the use of the human body in previous works, they were often equally influenced by the simple authorities of the past, and whilst human proportions may have been passed on through the centuries, the meaning behind its involvement was frequently lost, so that it was not a conscious honorable mention to the human body, but a keeping with tradition.The theory which exists as the basis of this discussion is pattern conventional by Aristotle, who scribed the relationship between the human body and the delay of reality the body carries in it a representation of all the most glorious and perfect works of God as being an epitome o r compendium of the whole creationl . This idea of man as a microcosm in the grand macrocosm of the Universe is one which led to the tenet that in creating architecture for the worship of God, it was only those proportions created by God himself, namely those of man, which could ever be worthy.Yet, over the course of the next millennium, a whole array of different interpretations of the human DOD were made, so that it was not a single set of ideas which became applied to architecture. To begin in antiquity, the most basic way in which the human body influenced architecture was in the creation of the classical orders. Most simply, it is understood that the form of the first Doric order derives from the warriors of King Doors in Greece, and therefrom displays the proportions strength and beauty of the body of a man.Though the intricacies of the Doric order, namely the triptychs and mottoes, are believed to originate from timber construction of the primitive hut which was then copie d in stone, the masculine, war-like associations of the order were precise influential throughout antiquity, during the Middle Ages and into the Renaissance. Examples of the Doric order include the Temple of Hyphenates, Athens, mid 5th century BC, reinforced in dedication for the blacksmith of the Gods and forger of armor, as well as Brakemans Temperate 1502-19, for SST. Peter, 1 by G.Odds and R. Tavern, y and Building Essays on the Changing Relation of Body and Architecture, (Cambridge, London MIT, 2002). P. 35 the hero and martyr. The Corinthian and Ionic orders display as much human influence in their architectural forms and associations, respectively having derived from the Ionian and Corinthian peoples. Based on the more civilized Ionian women, the Ionic order expressed feminine values of a matronly figure, with the curls of hair, folds of drapery and sandals represented in the volutes, fluting and bottom of the column.Similarly, the Corinthian order is thought to have d erived from the basketwork of a Corinthian maiden, and so portrays the slender, refined qualities of a young girl, surrounded by acanthus leaves for the capital. In his architectural reties of 1537-43, Sebastian serial states that temples to male saints whose lives were less robust than delicate, or to females saints who led matronly lives should be Ionic.Temples to the Virgin Mary, virgins, nuns, should be Corinthian. Thus, it is apparent how the various forms of the human body can be influence not only the physical forms of the building, but in addition their values and associations. Historically, it is important to note that architecture based in mathematics, meaning that to the ancients, the suffice of architecture was not differentiated from that of thematic theory.This is therefore a strong argument in favor of how bodily proportions influenced classical architecture, reiterated by Vitreous who claimed that without correspondence and proportion there can be no principles i n design, that is, if there is no precise relation between the members, as in the case of the well-shaped man2. Furthermore, it was the mathematician, Pythagoras (582-507 SC), who suggested that the Golden Section was based on human proportions, and therefore proving its importance in the dimensions of classical buildings.The most celebrated example of this system of proportion is the Parthenon, built on the Athenian Acropolis, Greece in the 5th century BC. Although several elements, including the dimensions of the fade, the spacing of the columns and the interior rectangular aloofness can be seen to agree with the Golden proportion, very few scholars unruffled believe that the Parthenon was originally intended to comply with the theory discovered by Euclid sometime after it was built. Therefore, in terms of their utilization of the Golden Section, it does not appear that the architecture of the ancient Greeks was strongly influenced by the human body.Yet, when returning to Vitreo us, another example of the human body influencing architectural forms and writing is introduced. In Book Ill of his Ten Books of Architecture he confronts us with the fact that man, when placed flat on his back, with his hands and feet extended, and a pair of compasses centered at his navel, the fingers and toes of his two hands and feet will touch the circumference of a circle and described therefore. And Just as the human body yields a circular outline, so too a square figure may be found from it. 3 The importance of this discovery to the scholars of antiquity, that man could fit into the two most perfect geometric units, was immense, as it was thought to come apart a fundamental truth about man and the world. In light of the earlier notion of the microcosm-macrocosm, it becomes clear why 2 Vitreous, Book Ill of his Ten Books of Architecture, quoted in R. Witter, Architectural Principles in the Age of Humanism, (London honorary society Editions, 1973) 3 Vitreous, The Ten Books o n Architecture, Book Ill. Architects and theorists were keen to emulate the square and circular forms, as derived from the human body, within their work. Within ancient capital of Italy there are few centralized buildings, but any such examples prove how ideas of centralization were not only discussed in architectural writings, but were actually put into practice. The Pantheon, Rome, rebuilt during the reign of Hadrian c. 125 AD, is a primary example of the celebration of the two purest geometric and anthropomorphic forms, with the plan consisting of a circle attached to a square.The square entrance-hall, which opens onto the vast coffer dome of the interior, is one of the most technically brilliant feats of its day, as well as a huge influence to architects and writers of the true. One further example of central-planned buildings of antiquity is the Temple of Minerva Medical, of 4th century Rome between the via Albanian and the Aurelian Wall. Though it exists today as a mere ruin , its original decagons structure and dome adhere to the geometrical recommendations of Vitreous and the ancient mathematicians, illustrating the influence of the body on architecture.The issue of centralized structures was one that preoccupied the minds of architects and theorists through the centuries, but it was not until the Renaissance, and Liberties De Re Edification off when centrally planned churches became amply established. In his stipulations for the ideal church, Alberta declares that the circle is the shape most celebrated in nature, but he also advocates 8 other geometric shapes derived from the circle including the square, hexagon and decagon, and rejects the form of the basilica because of its inadequacy in comparison to the temple. Michelangelo choir for AS Annunciate, Rome receipts4, is considered to be the first centralized building of the Renaissance, based on a circle with attached semi-circular chapels. Liberties San Sebastian, Mantra of 1460, however, makes use of the Greek cross plan, with 3 arms protruding from a central cross- bank vaulted interior space. Yet, perhaps the figure to show the greatest occupy in the physical manifestation of the central plan was Brucellosis.His Old Sacristy for San Lorenz, commissioned by Giovanni did Basic De Medici, and stainless in 1428, is considered the first Renaissance space that could actually be entered5 . The plan consists of one exact square with 3 surrounding squares a third of the size, with the overall multiply being shell by a hemispherical dome. Similarly, Brutishnesss Santa Maria dogleg Angel, 1434, has a central plan based on an octagon surrounded by 8 chapels each with rounded ends like an apse.AY these buildings, of which there are many more, make use of the central plan and thus illustrate the influence of the human body from which they were derived. Yet, it may not be the case that the architects adopted these shapes for that same reason, and it is therefore necessary to ident ify other factors which may have led to their adopting of centralization. To begin with, it is possible that characters like Brucellosis and Alberta, at the time f a thriving classical revival in Florence, were simply being influenced by the 4 R.Witter, Architectural Principles in the Age of Humanism, (London Academy Editions, 1973) p. 6 5 F. Hart, History of Italian Renaissance Art Painting Sculpture Architecture. (London, 1987) prestige of centralized buildings and wanted their buildings to carry the same associations of a right Roman Republic. Aside from the obvious example of the Pantheon, as mentioned earlier, a further direct influence from Rome may have been the Santos Stefan Rotund which, in the sass, underwent major(ip) restoration work byReselling under Pope Nicolas V, bringing it to the attention to the likes of Alberta, Brucellosis and Michelson. Another massive influence is the Church of the dedicated Sepulcher in Jerusalem, where a circular wall encloses a ring of c olumns and is surmounted by a dome. Moreover, Just as pilgrimage buildings on the main routes to or within the Holy Land imitated elements of the sacred buildings of Jerusalem, small rotunda churches were built in Europe as satellites of more important churches being approached by pilgrims. It has therefore been suggested that Liberties SanSebastian may have been built as a sacred station en route to Sans Andrea6, and thus emulates the centralized plan as a reference to the affiliations to the Holy Sepulcher, and does not equal to the Vitamins man. Other issues suggest that the use of centralization does not directly bare reference the human body, particularly when acknowledging the religious focus that many churches of the Renaissance still fostered, despite being built during the flourishing of humanism. Giuliani dad Sandals S. Maria dell Career, Pratt 1485, has the plan of a Greek cross, with 4 arms Joined to the crossing and a dome suspended over the Rossini.Here, however, arch itectural intentions other than those of centralization appear to prevail, when considering the manner in which the dome doesnt touch the incommoding of the arches, the pure white walls and geometrical easiness of the building. Overall, Giuliani dad Seasonal has created a church that is able to evoke in the congregation a consciousness of the presence of God7, Just as Alberta stipulated that an ideal church should have a purifying effect and produce the state of innocence which is pleasing to God8.In addition to the issue of centralization, the human body is represented in architecture through the proportions and mathematical ratios applied to the building. Just as Plato thought that proportion was the bond that holds things together9, Alberta commented in his treatise of 1450 that Just as the head, al-Qaida and indeed any member must correspond to teach other and to all the rest of the body in an animal, so in a building, and particularly in a temple, the parts of the whole body must be composed so 6 R.Tavern, On Alberta and the Art of Building (New Haven, London Yale University Press, cache), p. 144 7 Editions, 1973) p. 19 8 9 Ibid. P. 6 R. Paddock, Proportion Science, Philosophy, Architecture (London E & FAN Spoon, Bibb p. 182 that they correspond to one another10. This idea manifests itself in the way that buildings incorporate an overall system of proportion, but more specifically, the inclusion of the perfect be, as defined by the ancients, resulting from the tradition in which architectural measurements were made exploitation parts of the body (foot, digit, cubit and inch).It was a combination of the discovery that a mans foot is one sixth of his height, with the knowledge of the 10 digits of the human body, which deed to the numbers 6, 10, and 16 being hailed as superior to all others, and those which would allow the perfection of the human body to be mirrored in architectural expressions. Liberties fade for Santa Maria Novella, completed in 14 70, displays not only the unified proportions outlined by his treatise, but the ratios of perfect numbers.The whole fade is based on the unit of a square, but crucially, the central rose window stands at a height of 36 units above the entry platform, within a fade 60 units high. This ratio of 3660 is probatory because it relates directly to the emissions of the ideal man who is 60 inches tall, with a navel 36 inches off the ground. Other references to this particular ratio based on perfect numbers as determined by the ancients include Brutishnesss oratory of Santa Maria dogleg Angel, and San Sebastian, with a ratio of 610 for the main elements of the building such as the door, apses, portico vault and dome.It is therefore apparent that there was a strong influence of the perfect numbers (relating to the human body) in the Renaissance, but, as witnessed with regards to centralization, this issue does not appear significant in the Middle Ages. Only a few examples exist, one of which is Milan Cathedral in Lombardy, Northern Italy, which was begun in 1386 under the archbishop Antonio dad Assault, and displays proportions based on the perfect numbers in the width of its nave which is divided into 6 units of 16 brachia.The use of the perfect numbers as ratios for elements of buildings appeared extensive in the Renaissance, and widespread throughout architectural theories. It is also possible, however, to identify several other systems of proportion which were equally as influential on the architecture of these years. Whilst Pythagoras identified the Golden Section and the perfect numbers, he also discovered how musical harmonies could be determined by measured lengths of string, and therefore how the corresponding mathematical ratios could be applied to architectural proportions.In De Re Edification, Alberta appears to be strongly influenced by these discoveries, asserting the notion of beauty in music being paralleled in architecture, and recommending ratios based on intervals greater than an octave. Francesco did Giorgio, in his Attractor did architecture,1482, does not write explicitly on the theory of proportion in architecture, but still comments on music ratios when making recommendations for the S. Francesco Della Vagina, Venice, completed in 1534.Here he explains how the ratio of width to height of the nave should be based on the musical harmony of a 4th (ratio 34), and makes suggestions for the width of the chapels and transepts on similar terms. He gives no explanation for his choice of particular ratios, only stressing the view stated by Alberta that a system of proportion should be related 10 press, CACHE), p. 202 to the whole building, and that churches should reveal the perfection of the divine Ewing itself1 1.In addition to musical ratios, another system of proportion that stands in competition with that based on the human body (namely perfect numbers) is the notion of sacred geometry. This system particularly arises during the Renaissance, and is identifiable again with the example of Brutishnesss Old Sacristy for San Lorenz, where the 3 arched windows are said to allude to the trinity, the four walls of the cube denote the evangelists, and the 12 ribs of the dome stand as a symbol for the apostles.One final and major way in which the human body influenced architecture is that of the orders. Having established counter-arguments regarding the physical properties of buildings, it is necessary to incorporate social issues into the debate. Although the ancient texts explained the importance of using human proportion in buildings, and the various ways in which they manifest themselves, this does not mean that subsequent theorists and architects were equally as influenced by these theories.Instead, when identifying the similarities between treatises on architecture, it may be that writers were influenced by the authority of previous writers, and not specifically the subject matter of their writing. Furthermor e, when comparing, for example, Alberta and Francesco did Giorgio, writing respectively in 1450 and 1482, it is crucial to note differences in their personalities, activities and educational background which will have influenced their work.This point of social and historical context is thin by Alberta himself who said that the greatest Joy in the art of building is to have a good sense of what is appropriate12, whilst Filtrates work of 1465, can be seen as an explicit historical document, albeit of arduous interpretation13. The varied and extensive influence of the human body on architectural forms and rating have been discussed with reference to the classical orders, geometric shapes, proportions, ratios and measuring systems.However, whilst all these influences are apparent, it is necessary to question the extent to which these ideas, originally founded in the human body, were used deliberately, or whether the architectural forms in which they manifested themselves were imitated for their own sake. Likewise, it is also possible to identify other influences and issues concerning the context and individuality of the artist which suggest the human body was rarely of he greatest influence.

Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas

Fear and loathe in Las Vegas Explain how characters transition from headstrong and quirky in the beginning to something that resembles shell-shocked soldiers Raul Duke and the Attorney also known as the main characters of the novel Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas transition from headstrong and quirky characters to something that appears to be shell-shocked soldiers. The American Dream, a very common theme for every American, everyone wants to live it but few actually know what it is. Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas is the American Dream put in action as huntsman S.Thompson puts to the test his standard practice of living in excess and acting strangely enough to evade detection, with the attitude of someone who belongs where he is. Hunter S. Thompson manages to raise a journalistic discovery that outlines the changes of an American legend. The characters transitioning from headstrong and quirky in the beginning to something that resembles shell-shocked soldiers, these descriptions ap ply to both(prenominal) the characters, Raul Duke and his Samoan attorney who is never named, and the supporting characters, hotel bellhops and different static characters. Old elephants limp off to the hills to die old Americans go out to the high way and drive themselves to death with huge cars(18). This shows a spotless blend of aggressive journalism gone awry combined with great American willpower and ingenuity and is a landmark in the orb of counterculture writing. At the beginning of the novel both Raul Duke and the attorney showed head strong and quirky qualities. As your attorney, thats how the attorney ever so presented himself in front of deal shows a very positive and headstrong personality because he isnt afraid of showing who he is and it also represents how he loves his job since he always wanted to be referred as to the attorney. Another scene that shows both the attorney and Dr. Thompson upbeat personalities is their ride with the shark to Las Vegas. Off course they were high throughout the unit drive. That is also a reason why they felt so headstrong because it is believed that drugs made them feel more powerful. We are going to rip his lungs out state the attorney during the ride to Las Vegas. Also them getting the shark was one of the moments that got them so pumped up. Then there is a change in personality were both characters resemble shell-shocked soldiers. I believe these changes of transition originate from the drugs and their effects and that provokes them to become bipolar. One of the scenes that show this transition is the Vietnam flash and the hotel scene while Dr. Thompson and the attorney are in the elevator and the attorney becomes overly aggressive.This transition happens after their usage of drugs and alcohol and it is influenced by Hunter S. Thompson and his persona. The influence of Dr. Thompsons novel he has had on American culture is almost countless. Every American writer with any sense of politics and social moral ity reads and looks up to the good doctor. Fear and Loathing marks a turning point in his style. The strange and often twisted mindset of these people creates, for the average readers, what seems like an alternate reality, a piece which they have never before witnessed.Duke and his attorney seem like characters in some perverse drama although they are in fact, actual people. This is the effect the wedge heel culture that is the subject matter. The reader can identify with the ordinary people in the novel such as hitchhiker, these people do not fancy the rhyme or reason of the actions taken by the end of the book the reader, at least, has gleaned some sort of comprehension of this secret and sometimes frightening world of drug people. You can turn your back on a person, but never turn your back on a drug especially when its wafture a razor-sharp knife un your eyes. This transition from headstrong and quirky to shell-shocked soldiers all occurs from the use of drugs and its effect s. Thus, Hunter S. Thompson created these characters and their personalities as a representation of himself even though they are realistic people.

Internet Tools at Dirt Bikes Essay

Communication is an indispensable part of any government activity. It is required to keep up with their business (suppliers), employees ( midlandly) and clients (externally). With every day new innovations in engine room, internet is the no more a new concept. A nonher term associated with internet is networking. The companies big or small realize the fact that adapting the latest technology will take their business to new heights or else they will be left far too behind in the race. Hence it would not be incorrect to say that Internet has changed the way business used to run.It has raised the business to international heights. Internet is used on a globose scale and provides a universal platform. Similarly building new services, strategies with in the organization is made possible through intranet. It is a medium of providing connectivity with the different subdivision of the organization in the same office. On similar notes Dirt Bike management decided to look for new tools and technology that will best cortege their company to make the communication sour more effective and efficient. Introduction Dirt Bikes is a small manufacturing company of off-road bikes of its own brand.It is a privately possess company, and has its headquarters in Carbondale, Colorado. It has a staff strength of around 150-200 employees. The company maintains a website. The company has provided the internet access to its employees. To make the internal communication process across the departments more efficient some more tools and technologies needs to be implemented like E-mail, Video-conferencing, messengers. However, some other upcoming tools and technologies are Mobile Networking applied science covering (3G), Wireless access and Radio/satellite signalsImportance of Intranet The concept of intranet is evolving. This internal communication tool john be developed in such(prenominal) a way that integrates employees from all departments. They would be able to view permissible d etails of each others department along with the feature of internal chat, mail and files transfer. The employees will be provided individual login id and password keeping the system secure and traceable. Maintaining employees personal details will greatly help Human imagery department to track and keep updated information for any individual.The employees can check their details available on the network and can report for any changes whenever required. gather information, attendance, leave balance are few of the named details that can be made available. The Manufacturing and Production department can discuss and forward the design relate issues and updates through mail or common chat. The sales and Marketing team can maintain a database for archive with the details of previous sales records and a comparison with the present trends. They can track the sales projections and balance the act of supply and demand more efficiently.Implementation of intranet requires a client /server com puter architecture connected in LAN. Additional Tools Certain departments like the accounts department that holds vital data related to the company and the employees and the manufacturing departments that works on upcoming designs of new moulding can make use of VPN (Virtual Private Network) that provides a secure and encrypted form of communication with in the public network. It is a be effective way that provides the feature feature of Voice as well as data networks. The drawback of the system is that may slow down the process during high internet congestion.Another cost effective way of communication is through Wireless access with the help of smart phones and Bluetooth. The wireless access will cover the entire network of the company. Bluetooth can be within a particular department allowing access to printer, computer, phones all at the same time. It will be a low power picking having a range of 10 meter. It reduces the confusing and messy cables and at times works without u ser intervention. The smart phones or the 3G phones technology will the employees outside the organization like the delivery and shipment department.Nearly all employees will feel benefited with the implementation of the above tools. It will definitely increase efficiency helping them to sign on on the work. And overall the company will benefit too. Wireless Access Wireless technology offers a very flexible approach to stay in touch over the network internally with employees and externally with customers and suppliers. Bluetooth allows accessing internet while connecting to nearly 8 more devices at the same time in 10 meter range.

Children Need Talk In Order To Learn Education Essay

This survey will be based in MC primary school, a Leicester interior metropolis school. Most of the observations will come from the foundation phase 2 categories. This school is a really culturally diverse school, with huge differences in abilities amongst the electric razors. Most of the kids come to this school with virtually no English or really clear ( EAL ) .The ground behind me drop oning this survey is to check off how crucial blather for acquisition is, if it is something which is eventant for a kids and instructors or is it something fiddling which has really small importance.It is of import for me to first explicate what is meant by talk for acquisition. Talk is readn to be important for larning non merely for kids exclusively for instructors besides. This assignment will be smell at if talk is important to kids s apprehension of the universe and important for instructors to go through kids. I will look at what many theoreticians take a leak to state and look at surveies which either support talk for acquisition or renounce the estimation of talk for acquisition.First I will look at what a few theoreticians have to state rough talk for acquisition and so look at how oppugning crumb assist instructors advance talk to derive apprehension of kids before summing everything together.Piaget was one of the first theoreticians who felt that the thought that intelligence derives from the coordination of achieve in the kid s environment. He believed that kids s active building of their ain apprehension is cardinal to their cognitive suppuration. He opposed the impression of transmition of in physical bodyation from instructor to pupil as a theoretical account of cognitive development. He believed that interaction between kids is a really strong beginning of advancement, but non cardinal to his chief organic structure of pasture. Piaget besides thought that when kids atomic number 18 faced with jobs they will normally repair on the first re levant factor in they identify but Piaget said in consecrate for them to come on they need exposure to many divers(prenominal) positions. However, these positions are merely helpful when from the compar fit position so equals. Adults position will merely impede them as this does non assist their thought and development as they will either disregard their positions if they can or merely merely follow with what they have said. A survey which supports the thought of kids s thought and development being increased by some other positions of kids come from Doise, Murphy and Perret Clermont. They conducted a survey to moderate if socio-cognitive struggle would advance persons advancement and apprehension. In this survey the cardinal inquiry was whether kids who were disposed the chance to work on a attempt together would do greater single advancement than those who were non given such an chance. Children were put in to two groups the controlled group were they did the undertaking separately and the experimental group where they were put into braces to finish the undertaking. Each kid had a mopboard which had theoretical account edifices which formed a small small town. The edifices were orientated in relation to a fixed grade on the mopboard. This agreement was placed in forepart of the kid on a tabletop. To the side of the kid was another tabular array, with an indistinguishable mopboard, but orientated otherwise in relation to the kid. The undertaking was to utilize a reproduction send of theoretical account edifices to animate precisely the same small town on this 2nd tabular array. Findingss showed that the kids in the experimental group showed the most forward motion in apprehension, ground being is the kids who worked in braces or little groups would normally be confronted with solutions which differed from their ain. This struggle, and the socially engendered demand to decide it, would motivate each kid to re analyze their ain initial thoughts, and could take the kids to recognize a higher order solution that resolved the struggle ( Mugney et al. , 1981 as cited in potassium ) . They found that it did nt count if any of the kids were non advanced than others or the demand to be right. Equally long as there is a struggle of position is passable to acquire kids believing. However there are some unfavorable judgments for this survey. One can oppugn the cardinal function of struggle being an issue. Blaye ( 1988 as cited from spurt ) criticised the construct to be obscure and sick defined, missing ecological cogency as it would be difficult to transport out outside the research scenes. Tudge ( 1989 as cited from GREEN ) besides had grounds to propose that in certain fortunes peer interaction can ensue in arrested development every bit better as development.Unlike Piaget, Vygotsky ( 1978 as cited from GREEN ) conceptualised social interaction as being at the nucleus of the development procedure. Contrasting to Piaget, Vygotsky ( 1978 as cited from GREEN ) believed that societal activity concepts cognition and go throughing particularly when kids interact with others who are more than advanced and capable in society. Therefore rebuting Piaget s thought that when kids interact with those of more power and have a higher position, hinders kids s apprehension and thought.Vygotsky saw linguistic communication as non merely a cultural tool for share-out and developing but besides a psychological tool to assist organize our single ideas ( LIGHT BLUE ) . Vygotsky developed the construct of the zone of proximal development ( ZPD ) which is the distance between the existent development degree as determined by independent job resolution and the degree of possible development as determined through job work outing under gravid counsel or in coaction with more capable equals ( Vygotsky 1978 86 as cited in LIGHT BLUE ) . ZPD represents the difference in accomplishment when working independently and working with coun sel from grownups who are more advanced and capable. both(prenominal) Vygotsky and Piaget believe that acquisition is active and both confirm the value of societal interaction for larning and development regardless of who it may be between as both will affect duologue.One construct that complements Vygotsky s theory of ZPD is Bruner s ( 1985 ) impression of scaffolding. Scaffolding is the support that grownups provide in the acquisition procedure whereby an grownup varies the degree of support, bit by bit retreating it as the kid additions in competence ( cited from LIGHT BLUE ) . Both Bruner s and Vygotsky s cardinal schemes are patterning, demoing kids illustrations of work by experts. , showing, demoing the processs that experts go through when bring forthing work and back uping kids as they learn ( Cobden 2000 10 ) .Research ( Galton et al. 1999 as cited from LIGHT BLUE ) shows that instructors ply to investigate largely closed inquiries which normally promote a simple consec utive reply. The reply being the one the instructor has already got in their caputs. Therefore, kids are non researching their ain apprehension and positions. Alternatively they re merely supplying replies that the instructor is looking for ensuing into a guess what I am believing of grammatical case inquiry.I carried out my directed undertaking on merely 2 of the kids from one of the foundation phase 2 categories, Annie and Zunaid. Both kids were of mean ability. I chose to carry on my surveies on merely two kids as it would be easier to detect and supervise while entering my findings at the same clip. The academic term I plotted for Annie and Zunaid was a maths session. I devised a lesson program with the lesson nonsubjective being kids able to utilize two different groups to do a entire visualise given ( see ) . I used 2 groups of small wooden forms trigons and diamonds. Before I asked the kids to give me a sum of a certain find utilizing both forms, I demonstrated what I w anted the kids to make and do certain I was believing out loud so they can see what I was making and why. So I made certain both groups were separated and I asked the kids hmmm what figure should I do utilizing these forms? and I was given 6. So I started with one group and counted out loud while utilizing one to one correspondence, I made certain I moved each form towards me and said 1, 2, 3, 4, and so moved to the following group and counted on making the same thing, 5, 6 . I made certain I emphasised the live on figure once more and said out loud, I made 6. I used 4 trigons and 2 diamonds and all together they make 6 . I made certain I spoke clearly and easy in order for the kids to see what I was making and made certain I modelled twice before I let them go on. When the kids were given a figure to do, I observed and found they were either numbering really piano or in their caputs so I asked if they could number out loud for me, which they so did. I found I had to utilize a few prompts at the beginning to remind them to speak about how they made the entire figure. what figure have you made, how many trigons did you usage and how many diamonds, and that made? these prompts were used in order for me to see if the kids knew what they were making and if they made the figure right. It gave the kids room to rectify any errors as they would usually tell when prompted and I found when they counted out loud and they had 1 more than the figure they were given they would merely take it off and say the right sum or add on another form. I preserve data/observations on gluey notes ( see ) in brief which I so wrote out on the kid observation sheets in item ( see.. ) .If you have a expression at appendices lesson rating 6/11/09 and 13/11/09 you will besides happen that In these lesson ratings talk and inquiring helped the kids to understand what I was making which hence resulted in them being able to make the undertakings. I have besides stated that inquiring more inquiries and communicate about what I am making or hold done helps kids s apprehension and helps me understand how they have carried undertakings out.The ground why I chose to ease talk during a maths session is because I found during most maths session both focus kids were really quiet and frequently made errors such as numbering excessively fast while utilizing one to one correspondence, loath to number at all or out loud. I thought acquiring the kids to speak more about what they were making and how they were making it would assist them with maths jobs. That is why I decided to concentrate on maths.After looking at theoreticians thoughts and position on talk for acquisition and looking at instructors oppugning schemes it is apparent ( lesson rating 6/11/09 ) that patterning and speaking about how I how I made a figure and inquiring inquiries helped, even though this might hold helped and worked efficaciously I besides stated that I need to inquire more inquiries and still patte rn more. This is besides the instance in my followers ( 13/11/09 lesson rating ) session, were I stated talk and modeling to be effectual in back uping the kids s acquisition. this can be related to Vygotsky s and Bruner s schemes patterning, showing and back uping.To advance talk in the home I was based in, I made certain I asked inquiries which helped me understand what the kids have done, how they have done it and why. This is apparent in the P.E. lesson program dated 16/11/09. I asked different types of inquiries during the session, inquiries which required callback of the old Sessionss, inquiries to happen out what they thought and their ain positions, inquiries which required them to give sentiments on others and why. All these different types of inquiries were asked so I could understand the kids better. Learn more approximately them as persons and besides see them develop new thoughts. Once one kid gave a response to the inquiry how could we travel on this equipment? it no rmally stimulated others to give their thoughts including new thoughts. This was good as it promoted originative thought. Furthermore, as this was an unfastened inquiry the kids had the freedom to state what they wanted without the fright of giving a incorrect reply. Normally when kids are asked inquiries which require consecutive replies, I found that in some instances they would either be loath to reply, which could propose fright of being incorrect or they would merely take random conjectures. As the kids were really immature it was more of import to advance talk to measure and measure them as persons.Although unfastened inquiries were utile in acquiring a scope of different thoughts and replies, sometimes I necessary to inquire inquiries which required a right reply, so a specific reply. This was the instance in certain maths Sessionss. During the maths directed undertakings I inevitable to happen out what the largest figure they could number up to right ( maths directed unde rtaking lesson program 11/11/09 ) and besides be able to number two different groups by numbering on ( maths directed undertaking 2 lesson program 19/11/09 ) . This was besides the instance in the cognition and apprehension of the universe Sessionss ( KUW lesson program 17/11/09 ) . Asking closed inquiries helped me understand if the kids understood or knew the reply. If an incorrect reply was given it would merely do me more cognizant of what the kid is fighting with and hence besides consequence in me reflecting on my ain pattern excessively see what I may be making incorrect or how I could assist the kid in inquiry. Although closed inquiries may hold been asked sometimes in Sessionss ( KUW/CLL 9/11/09 ) it helps to speak about shared experiences to assist develop originative thoughts. This is apparent in one of the cognition and apprehension of the universe session were kids watched a picture on pyrotechnics and had to do their ain ( lesson rating KUW/CLL 10/11/09 ) . You can see in the observations ( Annie 10/11/09 ) , she was speaking about what she is making and depicting her pyrotechnic and besides related it to something that looked similar, this suggests that she can associate it to things which may be similar and familiar to her and besides helps me understand how she see s pyrotechnics.

Mary Ainsworth Attachment Theory

Ahmad Stevens Charlene Holm General Phycology 1 November 2012 bloody shame Ainsworth fond regard Theory Mary Ainsworth the psychologists who provide the most detailed analyst research on an individual attachment offering explanations. Like for instants we has adults teenagers know enough how we feel when the person leaves or apart from us and we ar able to explain in it words. That does non go so well for young babies such has infants.In doing so Mary Ainsworth devised an experiment to discover and identify attachment styles. She called the technique used called Strange built in bed Classification she also stated that results may vary from between children. The result from the experiment Strange Situation Classification identified security attachment. In society to determine the attachment fashion in children 1 to 2 years of age and also attachment styles.So Ainsworth Four categories of behaviors are measured and observed (1) disengagement anxiety the unease the infant shows when left by the caregiver, (2) the infants willingness to explore, (3) stranger anxiety the infants response to the presence of a stranger, and (4) reunion behavior the way the caregiver was greeted on return. The observer notes down the behavior displayed and scores the behavior for intensity on a scale 1 to 7. McLeod, S. A. (2008). Mary Ainsworth Attachment Styles. Retrieved from http//www. simplypsychoAinswPatterns of Attachment A Psychological Study of the Strange Situation. Hillsdale, NJ Erlbaum. ogy. org/mary-ainsworth. html Her set of observational studies using the Strange Situation paradigm (see above) revealed trio distinct forms of attachment (attachment styles). One secure attachment style and two types of insecure attachments. Ainsworth (1970) identified three main attachment styles, secure, avoidant and resistant/ambivalent. She reason out that these attachment styles were the result of early interactions with the mother. A forth attachment style known as disorgan ized was youngr identified (Main, & Solomon, 1990). Secure Attachment skanky Attachment Avoidant Attachment Separation dread Distressed when mother leaves. Infant shows signs of intense distress when mother leaves. Infant shows no sign of distress when mother leaves. Stranger Anxiety Avoidant of stranger when alone but friendly when mother present. Infant avoids the stranger shows fear of stranger. Infant is okay with the stranger and plays normally when stranger is present. Reunion behavior Positive and happy when mother returns. Child approaches mother but resists contact, may even push her away. Infant shows little interest when mother returns. Other go forth use the mother as a safe base to explore their environment. Infant cries more and explores less than the other 2 types. Mother and stranger are able to comfort infant equally well. % of infants 70 15 15 Ainsworth, M. D. S. , Blehar, M. C. , Waters, E. , & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of Attachment A Psychologica l Study of the Strange Situation. Hillsdale, NJ Erlbaum. Ainsworth & Bell suggested that behavior in the strange situation classification was determined by the behavior of the primary carer in this case the mother. She identified many attachment behaviors which gives us a detailed report on attachment theory .Insecure Resistant attached infants are associated with inconsistent primary care. Insecure Avoidant infants are associated with unresponsive primary care. Avoidant children weigh themselves unworthy and unacceptable, caused by a rejecting primary caregiver(Larose & Bernier, 2001). Resistant children have negative self image and exaggerate their emotional responses as a way to exculpate attention (Kobak et al. , 1993). Reference Ainsworth, M. D. S. , Blehar, M. C. , Waters, E. , & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of Attachment A Psychological Study of the Strange Situation. Hillsdale, NJ Erlbaum.Ainsworth, M. D. S. , Blehar, M. C. , Waters, E. , & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attach ment A psychological study of the strange situation. Hillsdale, NJ Erlbaum. Kobak, R. R. , Cole, H. E. , Ferenz-Gillies, R. , Flemming, W. S. , & Gamble, W. (1993). Attachment and emotional regulation during mother-teen problem-solving. A control theory analysis. Child Development, 64, 231-245. Larose, S. , & Bernier, A. (2001). Social support processes Mediators of attachment state of mind and adjustment in later late adolescence. Attachment and Human Development, 3, 96-120.

Obituary for Jay Gatsby

The body of Jay Gatsby was found at his own home in 1928. He was found in his swimming pool, murdered by another man. He was murdered by Geogre Wilson, who believed that is was Gatsby who killed his wife the previous night. Wilson, after shooting Gatsby, shot himself and was also found on Gatsbys property. Jay Gatsby was originally born in sum Dakota in 1895. He served as a lieutenant in World War 1 for a period of time, until the war ended in 1918.He also tended to(p) the University of Oxford for roughly five months, and may not be able to be classified as truly an Oxford man. He was comparatively young, dying at the age of 33, however, was quite a successful businessman. He was commonly referred to as new money, meaning that he made legal age of his wealth himself. Where and how Gatsby managed to make his money was often speculated about, Jay Gatsby was a well-known man to many who lived in either West or East egg, or in the city of New York.He was an entertainer and liked to pl ease, commonly known for the extravagant parties that were held at his mansion every weekend. These parties were attended by thousands from all around the area. His funeral was held tolerate Saturday, however, it was attended by very few, almost no guests, despite the fact that he was known by thousands. Gatsbys neighbour, who was also one of his closest friends, attended the funeral, while not even Gatsbys own parents were present.

Tangible and Intangible Assets

Tangible and Intangible Assets Jennifer Geolfos July 19, 2012 ACC291 Mary Larsen Tangible and Intangible Assets Tangible and nonphysical pluss overwhelm everything listed under total assets on the balance sheet. Assets consist of resources a business owns, (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2010, p. 12). Tangible assets would include land, land improvements, buildings, and equipment. These types of asset would be classified as intractable assets. Intangible assets atomic number 18 rights, privileges, and competitive advantages that result from the ownership of long-lived assets that do not possess physical substance, (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2010, p. 414). Types of intangible assets include patents, copyrights, trademarks, franchises, licenses, and goodwill. These assets would be classified as long-lived assets. wear and tear Depreciation is the process of allocating to expense the cost of a plant asset over its useful (service) deportment in a sharp-witted and systematic manner, (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2010, p. 02). Depreciable assets include land improvements, buildings, and equipment because the usefulness of the asset decreases over its useful life. Lands usefulness remains constant over its useful life and is not considered a depreciable asset. A depreciable asset also can be considered obsolete when it becomes outdated before it physically wears out. Computing depreciation involves cost, useful life, and spare value. Cost is the original assets value. Useful life is the anticipate productive life of the asset to the owner.Salvage value is the assets value at the end of the useful life. Depreciation is usually computed using the straight-line method, the declining-balance method, or the units-of-activity method. Straight-line is the most widely used method in the United States. Under the straight-line method, companies expense an represent standard of depreciation each year of the assets useful life, (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2010, p. 441). To record the depreciation on the sale of a depreciable asset, a company increases Depreciation Expense, and decreases Accumulated Depreciation.Declining-balance method uses a declining book value figured over periodic depreciation and is also call an accelerated-depreciation method because the first years of an assets life produces higher depreciation in comparison to straight-line method. The units-of-activity method takes the useful life in position of total production units or expected use of the asset. This method is typically used for factory machinery or delivery equipment in terms of hours used. The total amount of depreciation is the same no way out which depreciation method is used. Amortization The process of allocating the cost of intangibles is referred to as amortization, (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2010, p. 414). To record amortization of an intangible asset, a company increases (debits) Amortization Expense, and decreases (credits) the specific intangible asset, (Kimm el, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2010, p. 415). Companies amortise intangible assets over their useful life or legal life, whichever is shorter. This life is never allowed to exceed 40 years, (Investing Answers, 2001-2012). The initial cost of any intangible asset is the cash or cash equivalent price paid to obtain the asset.The company adds any legal fees, acquisition fees, and registration fees to determine the amount to be amortized for that asset. This applies to patents, copyrights, trademarks, franchises, and licenses. Goodwill value is determined by the excess cost over fair market value of the net asset purchased. Acquisition and presidency Acquisition and disposal of tangible assets refers to the buying and selling of land, buildings, and equipment. Acquisition requires determining the initial cost to add the asset to the companys financial records.The compliance would be an increase (debit) to the asset (Equipment) and a decrease (credit) to cash or increase (credit) to accounts p ayable. Companies dispose of a fixed asset by retirement (scrap or discard), sale, or exchange (trade-in). Book value is determined by deducting the accumulated depreciation to date from the initial cost of the asset. The book value is then eliminated by (1) debiting (decreasing) Accumulated Depreciation for the total depreciation to date, and (2) crediting (decreasing) the asset account for the cost of the asset, (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2010, p. 10). Conclusion Tangible and intangible assets and the tools to manage each type of asset are important to understand for the financial statements. Each type of asset has its own devices that must be used to represent the appropriate aspects of the asset. Using these tools will seduce financial statements that show the assets accurately and factually. References Weygandt, J. J. , Kimmel, P. E. , & Kieso, D. E. (2010). Financial Accounting (7th ed. ). Hoboken, NJ John Wiles and Sons. Investing Answers. (2001-2012). Retrieved from http// www. investinganswers. com

Social Policy and Its Application to Social Services Provision

Private businesss become public issues when an individuals problem/problems spill out into the conjunction for example youth homelessness. Youth homelessness is greater than you might think in May 2008 it was thought that there were over 75000 youths at risk of becoming homeless, mostly due to the breakdown of the family or the introduction of a step family, 65% of these small flock experienced violence as their family broke down and 20% experienced sexual abuse.The really sad thing near the number of youths at risk of homelessness is, in order to be detected as at risk something extreme has to happen e. g. the young homeless person was arrested for causing a disturbance or ends up in hospital after a violent incident. Mostly when families breakdown we as a community k right off nothing about it (their family problems are kept private) this becomes a public issue which may require the creation of a policy for dealing with social issues, when we see young people sleeping rough or the crime rate increases as the homeless person steals to feed them self.Over the classs there has been signifi guttert research and development of policies which are aimed at combating homelessness among the 16-25 year olds and in 2002 the homelessness Act was endorsed by the Scottish parliament after it was highlighted that the numbers of homeless people sleeping rough in our cities, could affect the tourist trade, which in turn would affect our thrift, this act extended the definition of priority need to include impudently groups of vulnerable people including youths.This Homeless act means that young people are no longer turned away from hostels in fact there are hostels that are just for young people (these hostels athletic live oner protect the young people on the streets from abuse i. e. prostitution) This homeless act also made topical anesthetic authorities develop homeless strategies e. g. the housing and support team that we gestate in West Lothian.Due to new(a) policy the numbers of young people sleeping on the streets is few, and the ease of access to reading/services means homeless people have hope and can access services before they actually become homeless, which in turn combats medicate/alcohol abuse (which also relieves pressure off the NHS) and crime statics. 2. Social policies come about due to dissimilar influences. Nationwide statics are gathered for various reasons and as a result these figures/statics can and do bring around change in policy or even the implementation of new olicies e. g. it was ground that the number of people binge drinking and requiring hospital treatment was on the rise, so the government activity created a policy that it was illegal to have happy hours in bars and it was illegal for shops to have two for one offers on alcohol. Another way the government is influenced to change or create policy is finished pressure groups. Pressure groups dont have to be official bodies or organisations homogeneous f athers for justice, they can be a group of people who are c one timerned about an issue in their community e. . a group of concerned parents petitioning the government about the lack of services for teenagers in their sports stadium (youth club) due to the meanned closure of the community centre. Social policies can also come about if there is a threat to society e. g. terrorism, after 9/11 the pass port policy changed, before 9/11 children were able to travel on their parents passport, after 9/11 the policy changed and now everyone needs a passport regardless of age.Before 9/11 we could travel within our own country (Glasgow-London) without a passport now we cant. Policies have also changed after public outcry. After the abduction, rape and murder of a child in England by a convicted paedophile, who had been housed in the area on his release from prison. The policy that gave these people anonymity was reviewed and changed, so that anyone who is concerned about an adult, who is wo rking with children, can ask the police if they are a risk. 3.The mixed economy of veneration came about due to the governments of the 1980s being concerned that the place for the care of people should be leave aloned from within their communities and that the sense of community would be doomed as people stopped looking after their own. People would stop contributing charitably to the community and the people in it ( popping in on a neighbour to give her a break from her ill husband or running to the shop for an previous(a) person as tumefy as fund raising and legacies), as it would become taken for granted that the commonwealth would provide everything i. e. ousing and Health Care as well as meals on wheels and respite, as a result, people would not feel like it was their job to help themselves, their community or their neighbours, that it was the states job, and so the fear was the sense of community would be lost to dependency on the state. The mixed economy of care means th at different services collaborate/works together in order to provide a service for an individual which not only meets their needs, but makes sure that the care being provided doesnt over lap i. e. one care plan is made for the individual and all the required services work within this plan.Our government as it is now (2009) has picked up where the 1980/90s left off (they carried on where the brook government left off instead of returning to state provided care) and is working towards a mixed economy of care, it has identified 4 domains of care render i. e. statutory, private, voluntary and informal. The statutory sector is care what is provided by the state for example benefits, cars for the disabled and access to health care e. g. occupational health (home adaptations). The private sector offers care as part of a business for example private nursing care, respite and private pensions.The voluntary/charity sector provide care that is funded through fundraising and donations and of fers things like lunch clubs (help the aged), meals on wheels (WRVS) and hospital transport (red cross). The final sector, the informal sector comes by way of care provided by a non captain/specialist this could be family, the community (neighbours) or friends who give up their time to look after their community and the people in it. The informal sector saves the government and NHS millions of pounds every year as their contribution relieves the need for official respite services and health care and its free.The Community Care Act 1990 came about as in order to fulfil the recommendations /objectives that the white paper (1989) Caring for People had identified (the enabling of older people to live independently for as long as possible in their own home, practical support for carers, guidelines for quality individual needs assessments and accountability for service providers and the quality of care they provide) new legislation was needed, thus the community care act (1990) was passe d.Nowadays we see people living and working in our community who, not so many years ago, would have lived their lives in institutions or sanatoriums without any piece rights or even choice, but now with implementation of individual/ person centred care plans/assessments, knowing with the individuals needs, rights, circumstance and abilities in mind, as well as making access to different care services more easily available e. g. upported accommodation/residential nursing care, benefits, disabled employment (Remploy), occupational therapy, day care and befriending, not only are the individuals needs being met, the human rights of these individuals are being recognised. The individuals who were once locked away from the rest of society without any rights, choices or quality of life are now (with a curt help from the care in the community act) living, working (Remploy) and contributing in and to communities (Volunteering in a charity shop). 4.Funding for different care services comes from various sources for example the services that are state/government services e. g. benefits, NHS departments (occupational therapy) and pensions are funded mostly through income tax, VAT, and national insurance, but not all of these services are completely free for example an older person who requires residential care will have to contribute financially if they have enough of an income or assets to cover the cost, they will also receive little or no help financially if they have a private pension i. e. they will have to pay for glasses and prescriptions.Funding for the local strength care services is much the same as central government funding comes firstly from the annual government grants as detailed in the 2009, amendment of the local government finance act 1992 Scotland order. Funding also comes from council tax income, business rates, licensing (alcohol) and recycling. While all this income generates wealth it does not mean everything is free and individuals will mollify contribute via user charges. Voluntary/charitable organisations also contribute to care services through fund raising and free care service i. . volunteers. thither is also the Scottish post code lottery which has funded community projects as has the national lottery. Legacies also contribute to the financing of a service. 5. European commission was naturalised in 1954 and has members from every country in Europe (two from the UK) its job is to form policy and legislation that protects the individuals human rights. They give the country an amount of time to agree adequately to any new policy/legislation, before the country is taken to the human rights court e. g. he Council Directive 2000/78/EC of 27 November 2000 establishing a general framework for equal treatment, in employment and occupation. The minimum standard (directive) as stated by the EC included the protection of equal rights. The regulations (which must(prenominal) be implemented immediately) for this act included e qual employment opportunities (promotion). Sometimes new legislations/policies cost money to implement and it falls to the local authority to sink how best to do this, finding the money often results in other services suffering through smaller grants e. . the promotion of electricity produced from renewable efficacy sources (Renewables Directive) the local authorities are obligated to implement these directives within a set time frame. The local authorities have to find the money, this is ordinarily through council tax and money they make through council business e. g. Neighbourhood Recycling, this in turn affects the care service and volunteer services by diminution the budget or funding they receive and possibly a rise in taxes and rates.The guide lines that come from the EC are a bit like expectations for example the government/EC expects local planners, architects and developers to take into account crime prevention when designing streets for example, this is to provide a sa fe and secure environment (your human right to live in a safe/secure environment) The duty to make this happen falls on local authority that, for example would have street/security lighting and the installation of CCTV as a condition of the planning application or they could create a local policy that says new housing schemes will only receive planning approval if there is security lighting fitted as standard.

Bullying and Peer Pressure

intimidation About a week ago I was assigned a film project on strong-arm and peer pressure. What my group did was a recr play oution of the breakfast club. Although Ive never seen the movie I was very excited to start. The project really did help me light upon the harmful effects of bullying and peer pressure. One part that showed me about bullying is when one of the main characters, Sophia, confesses to the group that she told everyone about a girls crush through Instagram. That scene made me reflect on how cyber bulling can really hurt a person.A part that showed me about peer pressure is when the character, Marcus, convinces the kids to eat illegal candy. This project was not only a fun experience but was also a way for me to better understand the effects that bullying can have on a person. Bullying is a serious offense affecting many kids. Bullying is the use of force to abuse or intimidate someone. There ar three basic types of bullying emotional, verbal, and physical. Even tually the person who is being bullied gets a low self-esteem and might commit suicide. 1 out of 10 kids drop out of school because of bullying.Some ways to stop bullying are build healthy relationships, educate yourself, intervene, refuse to join in, and tornado support. Peer pressure is when a group wants you to change something about your attitude, values, or they want you to do something. Its mostly common in youth. Peer pressure has minus effects when you are pressured into doing something your not supposed to do, but also has positive effects when you are pressured to do excellent on a test. Popular adolescents are more strongly associated with drugs, alcohol, and tobacco.

Analysis of Anne Bradstreet’s Poems

ENGL2010 February 10, 2013 Analysis of Anne Bradstreets Poems Anne Bradstreets verse form In Reference to Her Children, 23 June 1659 is a poetry impressive of her love, c be, and worries for her children. In Reference to her Children is both metaphorical and symbolic, expressing everything from pathos to love and a hope for her eternal reward. (www. papermasters. com) The poem is structured with a single stanza with every other line rhyming. The vocalizer seems to be speaking to a semi- private audience given the intimacy of the poem, and the way it speaks to the children.The tone of this poem is familiar, using the language in an abstract way by being birds but the language is also concrete, and it is not hard to understand what this mother is exhausting to say. In lines 1-40, Bradstreet sets up an image of a mother bird and her nest filled with babies four girls and four boys, representative of a human mother and her children. The speaker seems to be Bradstreet, speaking the p oem archetypical as a story about her children, as the tone changes near the end of the poem though it is return she is writing the poem to her children.The speaker tells an emotional story of her time and experiences with her children over the years of them discovering their own independent lives. Bradstreet uses this poem to express her love and worries for her children as they bend and develop their own lives. The tone of this poem seems to be semi joyful, and familiar in the beginning, of a mother telling about her children being born and nursed with pain and care. In line four, the speaker tells of sparing nothing in order to take care of her young showing how deep her love is for them.At front it sounds joyful as she speaks of how her young Mounted the trees, and learned to sing (Bradstreet) this line gives the sense of joy that comes with learning, nature and singing. The tone then changes, while the speaker is telling of her oldest bird growing up and taking flight, she b ecomes very sad because she worries for and misses her son. The speaker tells how most of her young have moved on, telling of their ambitions and circumstances of leaving. She makes it clear in lines 11 and 12 she does not want to let her children go, she needs them to be with her where she can enjoy singing and caring for them.There are five children who have leftover her home, leaving her with three at home. She expresses worries for the three because they soon will take their flight (Bradstreet). This poem shows a sincere care for the children, wishing them well. The speaker talks of praying for her children and only wanting good to come to their lives. Her thoughts stay steady of her children throughout the whole poem, this poem is the result of the endless love and care she has for her children.After telling of how her children came to dot their wings, the tone turns sad, while acknowledging her natural fears as a mother. She says, If birds could weep, then my would my tears Let others know what are my fears (lines 41, 42) shows how much she fears for the childrens safety. The speaker begins to imagine a sequence of bad events that could happen to the children. The speaker finds herself overwhelmed with sadness and thoughts of how tenderly she cared for her children.The speaker tells of her raw emotions in line 60, expressing the intense pain her worrying is causing her ashes My throbs such now as fore were never. One of the speakers concerns are the ignorances of danger, because of this concern line 65 warns her children saying 62, to your safety have and eye, so happy may you live and die. This part of the poem makes it more obvious that she is speaking directly to her children. The poem takes a slight turn in tones, the speaker goes from pure worry and stress about her children to a sense of acceptance.Statement that sticks out in showing acceptance are Meanwhile my days in tunes ill spend Till my weak lays (poems) with me shall end (lines 67-68) I n shady woods ill sit and sing, And things that passed to mind ill bring(69-70). These lines are the first ones in which she really indicated anything of herself and what she will do, without involving the children except by memories. This shows some signs of accepting her children have to do what they will and admitting she will continue to move forward without them in her nest.The speaker goes on to speak of not lamenting her age this shows she accepts the years that have gone by and has no regrets. The speaker is accepting her age and the fact that her flight is soon to come but this will be the most important flight, the one to her heaven. After she begins to accept her age and the fact that her children are development their own lives the poem takes on a sense of contentment. The poem In Reference to Her Children seems to be a sort of therapy for Bradstreet as she goes though the stages of grieving for her children.The poem shows all the different stages of acceptance, during a situation that was started with uncertainty. Bradstreet was one of the first American poets since the movement from England. Like many women writers in the nineteenth century, Bradstreet used print to denude the supposedly private experiences of a woman. (VanEgen) Bradstreet was heavily criticized for this, being as the puritan view saw women as mothers and wives and nothing more, using her poems for reasons to say she must be a bad mother, puritan or wife because of her time used to write.In reality Bradstreet was good at all of those things finding the time to write aft(prenominal) her work as a mother. Bradstreet found a way to find a public voice without violating cultural standards of privacy she brought attention to the experiences of women and helped to re-envision their place in a society centered on the home (VanEgen). She uses her poems as a tool that helps her to accept and analyze the situations she finds herself in. he care and thought she puts into her words are a kind of organizer for her feelings and wants a way to see her life in a new perspective, helping her to cope or accept. Works Cited Bradstreet, Anne. In Reference to her Children, 23 June1659. New York New York, 2012. Print, 20 Feb. 2013. VanEngen, Abram. Advertising the domestic Anne Bradstreets sentimental poetics. Legacy A Journal of American Women Writers 28. 1 (2011) 47+. faculty member OneFile. Web. 27 Feb. 2013. Analysis of In Reference to Her Children. Paper Masters Custom Writing Service Web, 20 Feb. 2013