Women Asserting Their Power Free Essays

Exploratory Essay #1 In A Game of Thrones by George R. R. Martin, the Iron Throne symbolizes the corruption of power and how having power can define a person depending on how one uses that power. We will write a custom essay sample on Women Asserting Their Power or any similar topic only for you Order Now Martin uses winter not just as a season but as a symbol of evil used to show how preparing for winter is also a way for preparing for evil. The corruption of power is a convention of high fantasy that is seen in A Game of Thrones. The Iron Throne is more than a seat made of many metals; it is a symbol of power because whoever sits on it is the ruler of the Seven Realms. Robert Baratheon, king of the Seven Realms, is portrayed through the eyes of his longtime friend Eddard Stark—more intimately known as Ned. Instead of ruling with reason, his actions are ruled by his emotions and desires. Robert is described to have â€Å"always been a man of huge appetites† (34). He is a stoutly man who enjoys food, but his huge appetites also refer to his desires. After Robert seized the Iron Throne at the Battle of Trident, he was forever a changed man. Ned has known Robert since they were both young, little boys, so it is significant when Ned admits that â€Å"the king is a stranger to [him]† (299). The Robert that Ned knew as a young boy was not the same man as he knew now, but that man â€Å"had never been so practiced at shutting his eyes to things he did not wish to see† (319). â€Å"Robert was never known for his patience† (356). He is still a good man. â€Å"I should not have hit her. That was not†¦that was not kingly† (359). Robert is described to have â€Å"always been a man of huge appetites† (34), which refer to his huge appetites for food and wine but also refers to his appetite for power. At the battle of Trident, Robert displayed his desire for power when he seized the throne. Once he sat on the Iron Throne, his love for power made him negligent of the duties that come with power. He has no patience or desire to sit with the commoners and listen to their complaints. His disregard for the Night’s Watch at the Wall displays how little he treasures human life. He does not see how important it is to provide a visit to the Wall because â€Å"[the] Wall has stood for [†¦] eight thousand years [so] it can keep for a few days more† (37). His disregard for human life is an example of how power has corrupted him be become a negligent king, shown most apparently when Robert â€Å"vowed to kill Rhaegar for what he did to [Lyanna]† (36). He admits that killing the late Targaryen was not enough. It is this desire for revenge that exemplifies how being in power allows power to corrupt an individual and their decisions. As a king, Robert feels as if he is able to give power to the people below him to do his bidding while he gives in to his carnalities. When push comes to shove, Robert always takes the easy route out When Robert commands that Sansa’s wolf, Lady, be killed, he is unable to do what Ned says is the more honorable thing to do. If one is going to take another one’s life away, then the executioner should give the one receiving the punishment a final respect for he takes away another man’s life. Instead of looking into Lady’s eyes, he takes the easy way out and tells Ned to do it. Robert’s inability to show respect for human life in his seat of power is also apparent when he commands Daenerys Targaryen and the child inside of her womb is killed. In that moment, Ned realizes that the boy that he once knew Robert to be no longer exists. The king who sits on the throne is not the same man who fought at the Battle of Trident. He has become an adulterer and a cheat. In contrast to the corruption of power in Robert Baratheon is Ned Stark and Ned’s desire to be righteous, even in the face of danger, because the Starks’ motto â€Å"Winter is coming† prepares them for the evil that is to sweep the land. It is apparent that winter is more than just a season in A Games of Thrones. When winter is referenced, there is a connotation of evil, which explains why it is important for the Seven Realms to have the Night’s Watch at the Wall. Robert indulges in the summer days and nights in the south, so he does not prepare for winter, which is a representative of evil, making him more susceptible to the corruption of power. Ned lives by the Stark’s household saying. He prepares for winter, so he is less vulnerable to the corruption of power. This is clearly shown in Ned’s interaction with Robert. Ned scrutinizes Robert negatively for his many vices: adultery, indifference, and overindulgence. Robert, in lieu of acknowledging the bastards that he possibly has fathered, he treats the women he has had sexual relations with as expendables, another example of Robert’s disregard for human life. Ned’s honor that is contrasted with Robert is also shown through Jon Snow, the bastard son. Instead of leaving the blood of his blood to suffer with Jon’s mother, he chooses to bring Jon to Winterfell. Ned knows that breeding a bastard is a faux pas, but he faces the scrutiny and acknowledges his son. This shows that Ned—being a mere human—has made immoral mistakes, but what sets him apart from others is that he is able to repent and acknowledge his mistakes. Robert, on the other hand, chooses to take the easy way out. He does not acknowledge his bastards nor does he repent on his adultery. His high sense of righteousness is seen when Robert places the death penalty. Ned goes out of his way to give Lady a proper, Northern death where the executioner looks into the eyes of the one being punished. It is also apparent when Robert wants Daenerys and her child killed. The corruption of power in King’s Landing makes him â€Å"want nothing so much as to return to Winterfell, to the clean simplicity of the north† (269). He gives up his position as Hand of the King, showing how little his love for power is. The convention of the corruption of power in high fantasy is seen through the politics of A Game of Thrones. Ser Petry Baelish described the Red Keep to be home to â€Å"those who are loyal to the realm, and those who are loyal only to themselves† (269). Robert’s disregard for the Night’s Watch, the men who guard the realm from the unknown evils at the end of the world, shows that he cares little for what happens to the realm. He takes from the power that the throne entails to sate his carnalities and is â€Å"practiced at closing his eyes to things he would rather not see†, which is why the game of power is exclusive for the rich. While the king’s cabinet struggle to outsmart their colleagues, the poor struggle to meet their physiological needs. The northerners are not referenced to be poor, but they are like the commoners of the south because the northerners do not worry about who reigns. They live off the land and worry only about surviving winter. The south, on the other hand, is more cultured, but their government is more concerned about who will win the game of chess. The commoners have little interest in the game between the politicians because they have realized that just because someone is in a seat of power does not mean he or she will use it wisely. Cersei Lannistier, like her husband Robert, abuses her power and does what is best for her, not the realm. The opposite can be said for Ned. The moment he steps into office as Hand of the King, he attempts to rectify all that has gone wrong in King’s Landing: the financial deficit, Jon Arryn’s death, and even Robert’s bastard’s situation. Both Robert Baratheon and Eddard Stark have had exposure to the Iron Throne and winter, but it is how the individuals react to the power that decides whether power will corrupt them or not. Robert bathes in immorality and wickedness without ever noticing that he has gone astray. Ned, on the other hand, stands upright and aware of what is right or wrong. Works Cited Martin, George R. R. A Game of Thrones. Vol. 1. New York: Bantam, 1996. Print. A Song of Ice and Fire. Warner, Rosalind. â€Å"An American Game Of  Thrones. † Weblog post. Rozwarner. N. p. , 21 July 2012. Web. 28 Oct. 2012. http://rozwarner. wordpress. com/2012/07/21/an- american-game-of-thrones/. West, Thomas. â€Å"The Timeless, Powerful Themes of ‘Game of Thrones'†Ã‚  Yahoo! News  5 Sept. 2012: n. pag. Web. 21 Oct. 2012. http://news. yahoo. com/timeless- powerful-themes-game-thrones-182800955. html. How to cite Women Asserting Their Power, Essay examples

The Hidden Traps In Decision Making free essay sample

Decision-making is apart of our every day routine. Making the right or wrong decisions can have a significant impact on our careers, health, education and almost all aspects of life. Before devising a strategic course of action, wise managers evaluate the situation confronting them. Making the right decisions is the most important function of any business executive. Making the wrong decisions can sometimes lead to irreparable consequences for a business or a managers career. Smart Choice’s by Hammond, John S., Ralph L. Keeney, and Howard Raiffa, provides an in depth analysis to offer evidence to why and where these bad decisions come from. Were the alternatives clearly defined? Was the right information to make the proper decision collected? These errors are just a few examples of the many that occur in the decision making process. Very often the reason for bad decision-making is because of errors or miss-steps in the decision making process, as I have briefly noted. However, sometimes it is mind of the decision maker who is at fault in contrast to the decision making process. Hammond et al has revealed that we use unconscious routines to cope with the complexity inherent in most decisions. These routines are known as â€Å"heuristics†. Heuristics can benefit in many situations but in contrast can be misperceived. Another trap is the irrational anaomlies in our thinking. Both flaws are engraved into our thinking process and consequentially we fail to recognize them and ignore them. Pyschological traps can undermine the most carefully considered decisions, and may be even more dangerous than the eight most common errors in decision making listed in Smart Choice’s. â€Å"The best protection against these traps is awareness†. Overlying on the first thoughts is otherwise known as the â€Å"anchoring trap†. The anchor trap is defined as a simple test conducted to illustrate the common and often pernicious mental phenonmenon. Anchoring proposes the idea that when we consider a decision, our mind offers disproportionate weight to the first information it receives. Anchors are often invisible and disguised. One of the most common types of anchor is a past history or trend. It is very common that we make decisions in business based on past data, and I believe this to be a strong supporting aspect to the anchoring theory. For example, many gamblers put heavy stock into recurrent past trends between football teams to project the outcome of an upcoming game. While many of these particular statistic can hold value, the numbers our outcomes of previous games subsequently can have no impact at all on an upcoming game. For example, The Denver Broncos might have an 0-8 record in their last 8 games at Qualcom Stadium. Analyst’s might perceive this static as a recurrent trend and assume that the team has a history of struggling in this stadium and base their projections of the outcome primarily on this past data. The historical statistic becomes the anchor, and analysts project that there are no reasons to why this wont happen again. However, there are other variable factors to consider such as injuries on the opposing team, newly acquired free agents in the offseason, the teams current progress and ect. To reduce the impact of the anchoring trap, one technique to consider is to think about the decision problem on our own before consulting with others to avoid becoming anchored by their ideas. Our final decision should be our own decision, not someone else’s idea. The second psychological trap introduced in the article is the â€Å"Status Quo Trap† The idea of this theory is that we eliminate any other alternatives and stick with our current situation. We become complacent with the â€Å"status quo comfort† (initial decision) and avoid taking action that would upset our comfort level. Research evidence shows that most decision makers display a strong bias towards alternatives that perpetuate the current situation (Hammond, p. 121). This trap is closely associated to the concept of protecting earlier choices also known as â€Å"The Sunk Cost Trap† The Sunk Cost Trap is very common and correlates directly to previous investment decisions we may or may not have made. Our past decisions create â€Å"sunk costs† that unfortunately we carry over into making new decisions. Sunk Costs are old investments of time or money that are now unrecoverable (Hammond). Similar to the example provided in the article, I too am guilty to falling into the Sunk Cost Trap. I invested numerous amounts of dollars into my previous vehicle. Between fixing the brakes, brake lights, transmission, and basically every component of a vehicle that could be fixed, I did it. When the power steering went and I had the alternative decision to sell the car and use the funds to buy a new vehicle, I opted to fix the power steering. I became stubborn because I had invested such an adequate amount of time and money into fixing it, I did not want to sell it knowing that was ultimately the better choice. I made a choice that jusitified my past choices to fix the car, but my past choices were in the past for a reason and I did not recognize they were no longer valid. For the future, I will take the advice and insight that is provided in the article and in Smart Choice’s. I now realize the past is the past and it is my job to not make the same mistake because the previous decision I made is irrelevant to the decisions that lay ahead of me in the future in both business and every day life decisions. In the financial sector, unfortunately the â€Å"sunk cost bias† occurs quite frequently in many banks and the consequences are dire. A lack of change in s trategy and the protection of early flawed decisions is a common error of many bankers. Another psychological pitfall is the tendency to see only what we want to see. This is referred to as the Confirming-Evidence Trap. In the decision making process, it is always important to consult with a peer and seek an outside perspective. However, when we let someone else’s advice become the final choice without considering alternatives, an error exists in the decision making process. The confirming evidence trap leads us to seek out information that supports our existing or point of view while avoiding information that contradicts it. We make decisions and seek evidence that only supports our decision; we become stubborn, and only want to seek evidence and opinions that support the decision that psychologically we have already made. Two fundamental psychological forces are present in this trap. We create a tendency to subconsciously decide what we want to do before we figure out why we actually want to do it. Our thought process is stubborn one-way street. In addition, we tend to be more engaged by things we like than dislike. Confidence in our decision-making is a crucial element. If you are unsure of a decision, you shouldn’t make it because your lack of assurance could be because it is the wrong decision. In contrast, being too sure, or over-confident can also lead to bad decisions. To avoid the overconfidence trap, it is important to put the implications into context. This can happen if we underestimate the high end or overestimate the low end of a range of values for a crucial variable (such as potential sales) and we act accordingly, there is an increasing chance we might expose ourselves to far greater greater risk than we realize (Hammond, p 124). It is so important to think of the potential implications of our decision no matter how confident we might be. Anchoring is a major cause of overconfidence. We tend to anchor our decision based on our initial estimate. To remedy this, considering the extreme low and highs before we make an estimate. Overconfidence is not just over estimating the low-end probabilities of variables. If we underestimate the high end, we could be missing out on greater achievements.

The other side of the bridge Essay Example

The other side of the bridge Paper The Lunette received a telegram stating Eric and Gunter had been They found out later that Carl was missing but had been found dead. This was very hard for Arthur to hear about his friends because they were out there fighting for their country while he stayed in Straus. It was difficult for Arthur to carry on knowing his three friends would never return home. Another one of Arthur friends, Ted Hatchet who fought in the war as well returned home safe but was badly injured. Ted committed seclude shortly after returning home from Straus on Ted Hatchet had shot himself (314). This was another loss off friend for Arthur. Ted and Arthur had grown close and he made many visits to Ted. When Ted passed away this brought back the memories of loosing his other friends, Tees death also helped Arthur look at things and life In a new perspective. A huge loss In Arthur life was when his father was killed In a tractor accident. This came as a shock to the whole family especially Arthur As for Arthur, he had no words (193). He had lost his father but also his friend. They became closer while working on the fields together and were similar In many ways. We will write a custom essay sample on The other side of the bridge specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The other side of the bridge specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The other side of the bridge specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This put a lot of pressure on Arthur having to take on running two farms on his own. Arthur father was the only other person who stood up and believed in Arthur. He also saw through Jake just like Arthur did. He lost a part of himself when his father passed. The Christopher family experienced a different type of loss caused by divorce. Nans mom ran off with his geography teacher because she fell out of love with Nans father. Ian asked his mother If I wont go will you go anyways? (66). At that moment Ian felt abandoned by his mother because she chose someone else Instead of him. He missed having her there everyday taking care of the family. After she left Ian experienced emptiness In his life, in the house and with his father. Nans father had become depressed about the absence of his wife. His wife left him which took him by surprise. It took him awhile to get over the loss but he used his worktop distract him from his new home life. He blamed himself . .. Let Is my fault really (95). He didnt know how to carry on with his new life with Just him and Ian. Nans mom experienced 1 OFF a great loss as well . Seen lost near son Ana near unsound. En let Straus on ten wrong tot on Nans mom was trying to say goodbye before leaving to Toronto, Darling how can I go if you wont say goodbye? (69). She had to live with that everyday. She even tried calling Ian and writing him letters but she was shut out of his life. She had a new life that Ian wasnt a part of. Laura Dunn experienced the loss of many loved ones. When Carter died it was a hard loss for Laura. She was the re when it happened and she saw the whole thing on it describes His body somersaulted right over the top of the car (344). Not only was Carter her first born child but he was Sakes child as well. Carter was the only connection she had left to Jake. Laura also lost Jake when he left Straus without an explanation only a note saying Sorry to go without saying goodbye. Love Jake (317). Laura was head over heels in love with Jake and he left her without a proper goodbye. She gave everything to Jake which lead to her pregnancy with Carter. She was all alone with a baby on the way and a broken heart. She had no one in Straus and didnt know anyone except for Arthur. Arthur was the greatest loss for Laura. Laura hated the fact that Arthur wasnt sure that her love towards him was real or if he still loved Jake. Laura said l want you to know,now, while Arthur is still here, that I love him. And I loved him then (350). Laura wanted Arthur to understand that he meant more to her then he could ever imagine and that she loved him the way he had always loved her. The characters deal with loss in the book Theorem Side Of The Bridge that effect them mentally and emotionally. With the loss of Arthur friends who fought in the war and his father, the impact of a divorce in the Christopher family and all the loss of loved ones close to Laura, the characters learn to cope and carry on with their lives.

Stepping Stones Essays - Batting, Preparation, Baseball,

Baseball Season Preparation Baseball has always been America?s natural past time. Many fans love watching baseball but do not realize how hard it is to prepare for a season. Most fans think the players just show up on the first day. I think this belief is completely false. I feel that preparing for a baseball season requires a lot of preparation. The preparation I tend use includes working on my swing, working out, and studying other people?s ideas on hitting. These steps are necessary for me to have a successful season. These steps have proven to be a valuable aid in helping me to prepare for the season. I believe these steps are the basic steps to becoming a great baseball player. Developing my swing is the first step I use in preparing for the upcoming season. There are a few different techniques I use to work on my swing. The first way is to take hitting lessons. I learn much of my knowledge about hitting from taking hitting lessons. My usual routine consists of taking lessons three times a week. This allows me to be evaluated by a professional. I took hitting lessons from the same coach for five straight years. His teachings have helped me become a much better hitter. Another way I develop my swing is by practicing daily. Even though I take hitting lessons, I still need more work. I am lucky enough to have access to a facility that has hitting cages. This allows me to work in the winter and during inclimate weather. By going to work on my swing on my own, I am able to work on the skills that my hitting instructor has taught me. This seems like it would take a long time, but it does not. I carefully plan out my time, and this allows me to use my time wise ly. I allot times to work different aspects of my swing. By doing this, I am able to cover all aspects of my swing. I also videotape my swing, and this allows me to view myself afterwards. Since I videotape my practice sessions, I can go over my sessions afterwards. I have caught and fixed many mistakes my carefully watching my swing on the recordings. Developing my swing is the first of three main steps I use in preparing for the upcoming season. Next, I work out using weights to improve my chances for success in the upcoming season. I believe that this step puts me ahead of the other athletes. A strict weight training schedule has allowed me to stay in top shape throughout the years. When I approached my parents about buying a very expensive gym membership they were skeptical. They simply did not think I would stay dedicated to my routine. After four years of a tough weight training schedule, they finally believe me. At the beginning of the off season, I set a routine that I follow throughout the year. These exercises include bench press, squats, and leg presses. I started out going five days a week, but now I realize that is not necessary. I go to the gym on Mondays, Wednesday, and Fridays. Working out also decreases my chance for injury during the actual season. During my sophomore year of high school, our top player, Bradley Prince, blew out his shoulder. This injury could have easily been prevented if he would have fo llowed a strict weight training schedule. I believe a strict weigh training schedule is a necessary step in preparing for the upcoming season. The final step I use in preparing for the upcoming season is studying other people?s ideas on hitting. Baseball is a sport that is all over the television. This works to my advantage. When the Atlanta Braves are playing on TBS, I get to study the top players in major league baseball. While most fans are only watching for enjoyment, I am watching to learn. I record many games out of the year, and later break each players individual swing down. I also read many books on the different styles for hitting. For example, I read about five books by the hitting coach of the Oakland A?s. By reading

Free Essays on Guns, Germs, And Steel

Introduction â€Å"Guns, Germs, and Steel† is a fascinating and enlightening book to read. I enjoyed reading this book, but don’t become confused that I agree with everything that is written in this book. The author, Jared Diamond wrote this book in response to a questioned presented to him by a politician named Yali in New Guinea. The question was, â€Å"Why is it that you white people develop so much cargo and brought it to New Guinea, but we black people had little cargo of our own?† Diamond attempts to answer this question in this book. In this book he comes to the conclusion that the rise of agricultural, centralized governments, geography, and animal domestication all played a part in the reason why some countries came to be more powerful than others. He has to trace human roots all the way back to when they first evolved. He runs into problems because some of the weakest countries were one of the first to evolved, but why? Simple Answer Jared Diamond summarizes his book, and answer to Yali’s question into one simple sentence; â€Å"History followed different courses for different peoples because differences among people’s environment’s†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Pg 25). Of course, this answer is just scratching the surface when the complexity of the question is truly comprehended. However, lets focus on the simple answer for the time being. Diamond is saying that the disparity between the wealth of some countries versus the wealth, or lack of, is essentially caused by the differences among the countries environment. Environments constitute a wide range of things; Climate, animals, crops, social environment, among other things. This simple answer doesn’t answer Yali’s question because the question is a complex one. I attempt to interpret his findings to the best of my knowledge. The most important thing to remember is the importance of food production by harvesting crops. Throughout the book he attempts to relay the i... Free Essays on Guns, Germs, And Steel Free Essays on Guns, Germs, And Steel Introduction â€Å"Guns, Germs, and Steel† is a fascinating and enlightening book to read. I enjoyed reading this book, but don’t become confused that I agree with everything that is written in this book. The author, Jared Diamond wrote this book in response to a questioned presented to him by a politician named Yali in New Guinea. The question was, â€Å"Why is it that you white people develop so much cargo and brought it to New Guinea, but we black people had little cargo of our own?† Diamond attempts to answer this question in this book. In this book he comes to the conclusion that the rise of agricultural, centralized governments, geography, and animal domestication all played a part in the reason why some countries came to be more powerful than others. He has to trace human roots all the way back to when they first evolved. He runs into problems because some of the weakest countries were one of the first to evolved, but why? Simple Answer Jared Diamond summarizes his book, and answer to Yali’s question into one simple sentence; â€Å"History followed different courses for different peoples because differences among people’s environment’s†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Pg 25). Of course, this answer is just scratching the surface when the complexity of the question is truly comprehended. However, lets focus on the simple answer for the time being. Diamond is saying that the disparity between the wealth of some countries versus the wealth, or lack of, is essentially caused by the differences among the countries environment. Environments constitute a wide range of things; Climate, animals, crops, social environment, among other things. This simple answer doesn’t answer Yali’s question because the question is a complex one. I attempt to interpret his findings to the best of my knowledge. The most important thing to remember is the importance of food production by harvesting crops. Throughout the book he attempts to relay the i...

Jews Without Money essays

Jews Without Money essays Personal struggles, we all have them. Some have them more than others. In the partly autobiographical novel Jews Without Money, By Michael Gold, He depicts how the Jews struggled to make ends meet. His life was not easy growing up. Gold and his brothers were forced by poverty to get low-paying, unskilled jobs. They were forced to drop out of high school to support the family. Their father was a small businessman. His big dream was to own a business, but he didnt know how to run it. He ended up injuring himself at work and therefore in turn, confined to his bed Life was hard for Mike living in the ghetto of the Lower East Side of New York City. For centuries The Jews has lived in this universal ghetto. Yiddish literature is saturated with the ghetto melancholy and poverty. Jews Without Money is much compared with works such as All Souls by Michael Patrick Macdonald. Michael Gold was a communist all his life. Gold helped found "The New Masses," a literary periodical intended to "revive the spirit of the old Bohemian-left-liberal alliance." Gold was a journalist for the Communist press from 1933 off and on for the next thirty-three years. He developed radical political views and began contributing to socialist journals such as the Masses and the Call. Gold was strong opponent of the United States becoming involved in the First World War. When the USA entered the war in 1917 Gold moved to Mexico to evade the draft. All Souls, by Michael Patrick Macdonald was also a book about struggle. South Boston was also a ghetto and Michael and his family try to survive in a harsh world. His Sisters and Michael saw first hand, all the cruelty that went down in a place called The best place in the world. This book is related to Jews Without Money because they both came from poor backgrounds. McDonald and his family struggled to make ends meet. Go ...

MLA Referencing †Citing a YouTube Video

MLA Referencing – Citing a YouTube Video MLA Referencing – Citing a YouTube Video As Bob Dylan once sang, the times they are a-changin’. And while Bob was referring to the political climate in the 1960s, the statement applies equally to referencing sources in a college paper. These days, for example, you can cite YouTube videos in your work alongside books and journal articles. Were sure Bob would have sang about it if YouTube had been a thing in the 60s, though. But how do you do this exactly? In this post, we’ll look at how to cite YouTube and other online videos using the MLA referencing system, including both in-text citations and the list entry. In-Text Citations for a YouTube Video In MLA referencing, you cite print sources by giving the author’s surname and a page number. This isn’t possible when citing a video, though, as there are no page numbers to cite! What you do have is a time code or timestamp. This is the point in the video you want to cite, usually given in hours, minutes, and seconds. For example, we could cite a YouTube video like this: Defamiliarization is a key aspect of literature (Rugnetta 00:07:40). In this case, we’re citing a moment 7 minutes and 40 seconds into a video by Mike Rugnetta. Sometimes, though, it might not be easy to tell who to cite as the creator. In this case, for instance, we’ve used the presenter of the video, but in others you may want to cite a director or producer. The important thing is to use the same name in citations as you do in the list. The basic format for a YouTube video in an MLA list is: Author Surname, First Name. â€Å"Title of Video.† Platform/Website, uploaded by Username/Organization, date of upload, URL. In practice, then, the video we cited above would be referenced like this: Rugnetta, Mike. â€Å"BUT WAIT: Is Bob Dylan’s Work Really Literature?† YouTube, uploaded by PBS Idea Channel, November 2 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=cF7m44ORlRM. As shown above, you do not need to include the â€Å"http://† bit of the URL here. Missing Source Information You may sometimes find it difficult to find information for an online video source. If this occurs, simply include as much detail as possible so that the reader can identify the video based on your list. If you cannot find a name of the author of a video, for example, you can use the uploader’s name instead. As long as you also provide a valid URL in the full reference, this should be enough for the reader to find the video cited.