Keechie: Femme Formidable :: Film Movie Essays

Keechie: Femme Formidable INSTRUCTOR'S COMMENT: This is an extraordinarily accomplished essay: beautifully written, critically perceptive, and nicely related to the critical discourse on Altman and film noir. Saving the quotation from Anderson for the very end is a nice touch because it brings the reader back to the frame of reference: the process of adaptation. The little note about first shots of Cora in two versions of The Postman Always Rings Twice makes an extremely clear point of comparison with which to think about Altman's very different agenda. A fine, fine piece of work, of which you should be very proud. In an article entitled "Night and Day", Robert Philip Kolker distinguishes a transformation of the gangster film from the genre's conventional film noir elements. He places Robert Altman's Thieves Like Us, an adaptation of Edward Anderson's 1937 crime novel, amongst this subgenre on account of the film's antigeneric mise-en-scene. While Altman's departure from the classic film noir form has often been analyzed by film critics, the noir heroine--who is generally central to the plot--has received little (if any) attention. Further, even though faithfulness to the original text pervades adaptation discourse as a major criterion for judging the cinematic counterpart, critics have often overlooked Altman's most noteworthy change to Anderson's grim story: Keechie survives in the end. In fact, the film tends to be compared more with Nichols Ray's preceding film version than with the novel. However, in his manipulation of film noir genre conventions, Altman not only constructs a lighter, mor e open world, he creates a corresponding heroine who likewise transforms the characteristics of the noir woman.[1] Women in Film Noir, edited by E. Ann Kaplan, provides the framework from which an examination of Keechie's character can be drawn. Throughout the volume several distinctions are made between the two categories of women in film noir. While the femme fatale is characterized as a combination of sexuality and aggressiveness which inevitably makes her an obstacle to the male quest, the appropriate archetype--woman as redeemer--is depicted as a means of integration for the hero into both his environment and himself. However much control either type of woman may exhibit throughout the course of the film, by the end of it is relinquished. They are either restored to their prescribed positions in patriarchy[2] or destroyed. Keechie both manifests and opposes selective qualities attributed to the femme fatale and the "nurturing woman" (as she is referred to in the Kaplan text).

Crusades :: essays research papers

Later Crusades Essay.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After the first Christian Crusade that begun in 1095 there were eight classified crusades that generally aimed towards the area of Sirya and Palestne that lasted untill the 1270’s. Yet after much humiliation and the repeated defeat of the Crusaders in the Lavant, most of the Eropean powers understood the fact that the Holy Land was unnatainable. Most the crusading efforts were aimed at the enemies of Catholics such as the Turkish invaders who sought to destroy Christianity and the doctrinal heretics in Bohemia. Two such crusades are The Crusade agains the Ottoman turks which started around the mid 14th century and the crusade agains the Hussite heretics which started in 1420. To further understand the similarities and differences between these two crusades perhaps it would be best to associate them to our definition of a crusade and see how they compare and differ from each other as well as compare them to the first crusade. The reason I chose to analize pa rticularly these two crusades is because they fall into the same time frame, have different objectives and perhaps hinder the each other’s succes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After the defeat of the Seljuk Turks by the Mongols in 1243 a Ghazi prince by the name of Ertugrul had assimilated a small state by his death in 1280. This state, later ruled by his son Osman had spread it’s rule over a large area in north-west Asia Minor, as far as the Agean and the Black sea. This was the beginning of the Ottoman Turks as well as the beginning of their wide spread conquest of the region due to their state being well governed as well as having a disciplined army. By 1331 the Ottoman Turks have taken Nicaea and Uskudar (across the Bosporus from Constantinople) and by 1389 had singificant dominance over the Balkans. In 1370 the new Catholic pope, Gregory XI was already raising the threat of the Ottoman’s to the European lords. Yet a major unity of European powers were wrecked by the self-interest of each country and it’s benefit. For example the German princes did not want to have a major crusade for the fear of rising imperial authority. During this time every ruler in Europe â€Å"†¦acknowledged the need for a crusade, as the only practicable means of pooling the resources required to combat this massive and hostile power; but in practice nearly all of them blocked its organization† .

A Struggle for Social & Economic Equality of Black People in America

The struggle for social and economic equality of Black people in America has been long and slow. It is sometimes amazing that any progress has been made in the racial equality arena at all; every tentative step forward seems to be diluted by losses elsewhere. For every â€Å"Stacey Koons† that is convicted, there seems to be a Texaco executive waiting to send Blacks back to the past. Throughout the struggle for equal rights, there have been courageous Black leaders at the forefront of each discrete movement. From early activists such as Frederick Douglass, Booker T. Washington, and W.E.B. DuBois, to 1960s civil rights leaders and radicals such as Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, and the Black Panthers, the progress that has been made toward full equality has resulted from the visionary leadership of these brave individuals. This does not imply, however, that there has ever been widespread agreement within the Black community on strategy or that the actions of prominent Black leaders have met with strong support from those who would benefit from these actions. This report will examine the influence of two â€Å"early era† Black activists: Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois. Through an analysis of the ideological differences between these two men, the writer will argue that, although they disagreed over the direction of the struggle for equality, the differences between these two men actually enhanced the status of Black Americans in the struggle for racial equality. We will look specifically at the events leading to and surrounding the â€Å"Atlanta Compromise† in 1895. In order to understand the differences in the philosophies of Washington and Dubois, it is useful to know something about their backgrounds. Booker T. Washington, born a slave in 1856 in Franklin County, Virginia, could be described as a pragmatist. He was only able to attend school three months out of the year, with the remaining nine months spent working in coal mines. He developed the idea of Blacks becoming skilled tradesmen as a useful stepping-stone toward respect by the white majority and eventual full equality. Washington worked his way through Hampton Institute and helped found the Tuskeegee Institute, a trade school for blacks. His essential strategy for the advancement of American Blacks was for them to achieve enhanced status as skilled tradesmen for the present, then using this status as a platform from which to reach for full equality later. Significantly, he argued for submission to the white majority so as not to offend the power elite. Though he preached appeasement and a â€Å"hands off† attitude toward politics, Washington has been accused of wielding imperious power over â€Å"his people† and of consorting with the white elite. William Edward Burghardt DuBois, on the other hand, was more of an idealist. DuBois was born in Massachusetts in 1868, just after the end of the Civil War and the official end of slavery. A gifted scholar, formal education played a much greater role in DuBois's life than it did in Washington's. After becoming a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of Fisk and Harvard, he was the first Black to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard in 1895. DuBois wrote over 20 books and more than 100 scholarly articles on the historical and sociological nature of the Black experience. He argued that an educated Black elite should lead Blacks to liberation by advancing a philosophical and intellectual offensive against racial discrimination. DuBois forwarded the argument that â€Å"The Negro problem was not and could not be kept distinct from other reform movements. . .† DuBois â€Å"favored immediate social and political integration and the higher education of a Talented Tenth of the black population. His main interest was in the education of ‘the group leader, the man who sets the ideas of the community where he lives. . .'† To this end, he organized the â€Å"Niagara movement,† a meeting of 29 Black business and professional men, which led to the formation of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). The crux of the struggle for the ideological center of the racial equality movement is perhaps best exemplified in Mr. DuBois's influential The Souls of Black Folk. In it, he makes an impassioned argument for his vision of an educated Black elite. DuBois also describes his opposition to Booker T. Washington's â€Å"Atlanta Compromise† as follows: â€Å"Mr. Washington represents in Negro thought the old attitude of adjustment and submission†¦Ã¢â‚¬  According to DuBois, Washington broke the mold set by his predecessors: â€Å"Here, led by Remond, Nell, Wells- Brown, and Douglass, a new period of self-assertion and self- development dawned†¦. But Booker T. Washington arose as essentially the leader not of one race but of two–a compromiser between the South, the North, and the Negro.† DuBois reported that Blacks â€Å"resented, at first bitterly, signs of compromise which surrendered their civil and political rights, even though this was to be exchanged for larger chances of economic development.† DuBois's point and, according to him, the collective opinion of the majority of the Black community, was that self- respect was more important than any potential future economic benefits. Before Washington's conciliatory stance gained a foothold, â€Å"the assertion of the manhood rights of the Negro by himself was the main reliance.† In other words, DuBois resented what he saw as Washington â€Å"selling† Black pride: â€Å"†¦Mr. Washington's programme naturally takes an economic cast, becoming a gospel of Work and Money to such an extent as apparently almost completely to overshadow the higher aims of life.† The compromise included, in DuBois's words, â€Å"that black people give up, at least for the present, three things,– â€Å"First, political power, Second, insistence on civil rights, Third, higher education of Negro youth,–and concentrate all their energies on industrial education, the accumulation of wealth, and the conciliation of the South.† The final point comprised the centerpiece both of Washington's strategy for the ultimate redemption of Black Americans and of DuBois's condemnation of that strategy. Indeed, Washington backed up his assertions by founding the Tuskeegee Institute as a trade school for young Black men. DuBois could not abide this type of appeasement. In his mind, this step was tantamount to the Black community telling the white community that, henceforth, Blacks would cease pretending to be equal to whites as human beings; rather, they would accept an overtly inferior social status as being worthy of maintaining the white majority's physical world, but unworthy of true equality, of conducting socio-cultural discourse with the mainstream society. The paradox must have been maddening for both men, especially Mr. Washington. He no doubt understood that, as a group, Blacks could never hope to progress to the point of equality from their position of abject poverty. Moreover, without skills, their hopes of escaping their economic inferiority were indeed scant. Washington's plan for blacks to at least become skilled artisans and tradesmen must have seemed logical to him from the standpoint of improving the economic lot of the average Black man. At the same time, he must have realized that, by accepting inferiority as a de- facto condition for the entire race, he may have broken the black spirit forever. In considering this matter, the writer is reminded of more recent events in American history–the affirmative action flap that occurred after Clarence Thomas's appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court, for example. Mr. Thomas, clearly a beneficiary of affirmative action, announced that he was nonetheless opposed to it. His argument was that if he had not been eligible for benefits under affirmative action programs, he would have still achieved his current position in the inner circle of this society's white power elite. Similarly, Booker T. Washington enjoyed access to the power elite of his time, but one must wonder whether President Roosevelt, for example, in his interactions with Mr. Washington, was not merely using the situation for public relations value. â€Å"[Mr. Washington] was ‘intimate' with Roosevelt from 1901 to 1908. On the day Roosevelt took office, he invited Washington to the White House to advise him on political appointments of Negroes in the south.† After all, he did not become a popular president by being oblivious to such political maneuvering. Perhaps Mr. DuBois was the more prescient visionary. Perhaps he understood what Mr. Washington did not, that after the critical historical momentum toward social acceptance that had been established prior to the late nineteenth century, if political pressure were not maintained, the cause of true equality would be lost forever. Moreover, DuBois understood that equality would not be earned through appeasement. From our perspective of over 100 years, we must admit that he may have been right. For example, in the aftermath of the â€Å"Atlanta Massacre† of September 22, 1906 and a similar incident in Springfield, Illinois, â€Å"it was clear to almost all the players that the tide was running strongly in favor of protest and militancy.† â€Å"For six days in August, 1908, a white mob, made up, the press said, of many of the town's ‘best citizens,' surged through the streets of Springfield, Illinois, killing and wounding scores of Blacks and driving hundreds from the city.† However, it later turned out that DuBois was considered to be too extreme in the other direction. For example, as the NAACP became more mainstream, it became increasingly conservative, and this did not please DuBois, who left the organization in 1934. He returned later but was eventually shunned by Black leadership both inside and outside of the NAACP, especially after he voiced admiration for the USSR. In the political climate of the late 1940s and 1950s, any hint of a pro-communist attitude–black or white–was unwelcome in any group with a national political agenda. We can see, then, that neither Washington's strategy of appeasement nor DuBois's plan for an elite Black intelligentsia was to become wholly successful in elevating American Blacks to a position of equality. However, perhaps it was more than the leadership of any one Black man that encouraged African Americans to demand a full measure of social and economic equality. Perhaps the fact that there was a public dialogue in itself did more to encourage Black equality than the philosophy of any one prominent Black man. After all, concepts such as equality are exactly that: concepts. As such, it up to each of us to decide how we see ourselves in relation to others; superior or inferior, equal or not equal, the choice is ultimately our own.

Air Pollution Essay

Air Pollution is another major problem that is yet to be solved. The air is 99.9% nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor, and inert gases. We as humans depend on the air around us to live, without it we would die. Although we rely on this as an essential source for living, it is still littered and polluted with chemicals. Pollution of the atmosphere and the air around us is air pollution, and this is becoming more â€Å"popular† everyday. There are several main types of air pollution that include smog, acid rain, the greenhouse effect, and â€Å"holes† in the ozone layer. The types are extremely harmful to the environment and could result in serious damage. There are many causes of air pollution and there are many to blame. The first type of air pollution is smog. The word smog came from a newspaper article almost 50 years ago. The word is slang for smoke and fog, and that is indeed what smog is. Smog is a form of air pollution created by the photochemical reaction with sunlight and the chemicals in the air, and than this deadly mixture is released into the atmosphere. An example of how fatal smog was in 1952 with the incident, â€Å"London’s killer smog.† This incident happened in December of 1952, when a deadly wave of smog hit London killing over 10,000 people. Citizens walked through the streets with surgical masks on, waiting for a wind to raise and blow this terrible wave of pollution away. There wish came true on December 10, after almost a week of terror and many injured and dead people. Smog alone is just as fatal and dangerous as the other forms of air pollution. The other major types of pollution are acid rain, greenhouse effect, and â€Å"holes† in the ozone layer. Acid Rain is any precipitation that has an abnormal acidic amount. Acid rain is formed when chemicals are released from places like cars and factories, these chemicals rise and mingle in the clouds, and than return to earth in the form of precipitation. The Greenhouse effect is another import issue in air pollution. The Greenhouse effect is the trapping of heat and energy due to the gases that form a barrier in the atmosphere. The gases will let heat in but will not let all heat out. This is similar to what happens in a greenhouse. The ozone layer  is also at great risk. In places like Antarctica the ozone layer is disappearing rapidly. Scientists have different theories about that, saying that it is due to chemicals made on earth, the extreme temperature in Antarctica, and some believe it is a solar activity to blame. In any case it is obvious to see that the ozone laye r is in danger. CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS There are numerous causes to air pollution. There are two main causes of air pollution; fuel burning in residential, commercial, and industrial places is one cause. The other cause is automobiles creating immense amounts of carbon monoxide and other toxic fuels. The burning of chemicals releases fumes in the air polluting the atmosphere. Large factories are at blame in this case due to their large amounts of chemicals burned and of their large smoke stack which pumps these fumes into the air. Inside many factories they burn fossil fuels, these fumes than are sent into the atmosphere, further contributing to the air pollution problem Another major cause of air pollution is car fumes. Inside the engines of cars, fossil fuels are being burned, and than these vapors are omitted out through pipes in the car. The major chemical being pumped out of the car is carbon monoxide; this is a very toxic material and can be fatal if enough is in taken. Diesel engines are also very toxic. These engines contain over 450 different chemicals and about 40 of the chemical’s exhaust are considered toxic air contaminants by the State of California. Air Pollution also imposes the biggest threat of all; our health. Our health is the most precious thing to us and air pollution endangers this greatly. The people that are most vulnerable to the air pollution risk are young children, people with breathing problems, and elderly people. Short-term effects to air pollution include irritated eyes, nose, throat and upper respiratory system and other symptoms include headaches and nausea. Some long term effects of air pollution exposure are chronic respiratory disease, lung cancer, heart diseases and damage to important organs such as the brain. Although there are many problems there is also a number of solutions. By completely eliminating the pollution would solve all these problems, so by doing little things we all can make a big difference. Since cars contribute a great deal to the air pollution problem, by using them less would lessen the problem. By not using things like Styrofoam, which are made in a factory that had to burn fossil fuels, you are also helping your community. To eliminate pollution indoors always use clean and clear ventilation machines and filters. Lawmakers should also make more laws on air pollution and pass more bills pertaining to this subject. CONCLUSION There is many to blame when it comes to air pollution. There is the citizens who use cars (that give out carbon monoxide) and use material made in a factory. There are the factory owners, who let their factories run, although they know they’re polluting the air everyday. Than there is the government. Although the government is trying to stop it, they also contribute to the problem by not passing more laws about this situation. Everyone is at blame for the air pollution problem, but if we all work together we can fix our mistake and save the atmosphere. Air Pollution is an extremely serious matter that is not taken seriously. The future of the earth is in our hands and we should treat this with respect. We have the opportunity to change our future, the opportunity to alter the way generations live, we should treat this opportunity with care and kindness. We should be more aware of the things that are happening in the world and what we are doing when the car revs up and puff the smoke. As we drive away in our cars, we are driving our future generations into a tangle of trouble. Soon people will have to wear surgical masks when walking down the street. We cannot let this happen to our society! We must be aware, prevent, and do it. We must be in action at all times trying to save the ozone layer and trying to stop smog from occurring in great masses. Let’s drive away from air pollution and drive into a smog-free life!

The Information Age Has Dawned Upon Us - 898 Words

The Information Age has dawned upon us. Our generation was born into an era where an unbelievable amount of relevant knowledge is presented to us with minimal effort, but like most life-changing advancements, it does not come without drawbacks. The internet is an almost completely unregulated information-based society. A Mecca of easily accessible information, but also a place for hackers, data thieves, and internet-trolls to prosper. So as we are thriving in this world of digital data, we are also generating an information trail as we shop online, interact through social media, and store our information to cloud-based services. However, many consumers, although concerned about privacy invasions, simply accept the loss of their privacy as a consequence of the Information Age and are not willing to give up the benefits and conveniences in which information technology has provided them. Recently, with the government intervening through proposed laws such as CISPA and Americans becoming more cautious, the issue of compromised data and digital privacy is rapidly coming to the fore. â€Å"What is the big problem with creating a safe browsing environment?†, one might wonder when discussing the internet. Simply put, there are too many factors that play into protecting ourselves as technology rapidly progresses to create an equilibrium that everyone is happy with. The 1st amendment often conflicts with the wants of internet users in the information age. â€Å"What should theShow MoreRelatedCriticism Of Secular Humanism787 Words   |  4 Pagesself-fulfillment without belief in God.† Next, here is a little bit of background on this topic. In the book Christ Actually the Son of God for the Secular Age, written by James Carroll, he states that â€Å"The â€Å"Secular Age† might have dawned in most of Europe and parts of North America- regions of the enlightenment legacy- but even there, assumptions of an earlier age held fast among many.† Which he thought that it could be traced back to the European teachings and those who wrote about it long ago. They don’tRead MoreTechnology And The 20th Century1607 Words   |  7 Pagesprovides how communication was successfully face-to-face during the NeXT meeting their interacting with effective leadership providing them with structure. The Video from YouTube was over two decades ago, which lead me to explore how the time has changed us. Technology and communication play a big role in society and how we interact, develop, produce and learn in the 20th century. 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Indeed, no history of this region should fail to mention the fur trade for it was the driving force behind early European settlement. The next area to chronicle is the move away from the fur trade, due to the depletion of resources, into the lumber industry (which begins around the close of the Civil War). The lumber industry of Wisconsin has a long and detailed history. In fact, the historyRead MorePositive Psychology5612 Words   |  23 Pagesdamaged brains. A realization that dawned upon many psychologists was that were negative emotion taken to be as authentic and positive emotions as derived from it.possible explanations were given for it. Firstly, negative emotion and experiences were more urgent and therefore override positive ones. It was evolutionary in the sense that negative emotion often reflected immediate problems or objective dangers. 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Internet Is A Network Of Interconnected Computers

Internet is a web that is used to search information through various search engines for example google, bing, yahoo and ask and many more search engines. The facilities given are that internet is now used for instant messaging and socialising on social websites such as Facebook so basically it lets millions of people communicates with anyone living anywhere in the world. The internet is a network of interconnected computers. The network has different layouts and I am showing this below in my diagrams. What is the World Wide Web? The World Wide Web is like an information system which lets people search for information by moving from one document to another. Also through this the users can connect documents through hyperlinks. The World Wide Web is designed to support specially formatted documents and the documents are formatted through HTML which is short for Hypertext mark-up language. The Facilities that are given by this kind of web is that it consist of all the public websites that are connected to internet worldwide and this includes things like client devices such as computers and cell phones that let the public use the web. The World Wide Web sits on top of the internet and the internet supports it. Internet lets you use Web browsers that make it easy to access the World Wide Web; Two of the most popular being Firefox and Microsoft s Internet Explorer. ‘Researcher Tim Berners-Lee led the development of the original World Wide Web in the late 1980s and early 1990s.Show MoreRelatedNt1210 Unit 2 Assignment1001 Words   |  5 Pages1 LAN Local Area Network is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, or office building using network media. 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Essay on The Efforts to Regulate the Internet - 5321 Words

The Efforts to Regulate the Internet Abstract â€Å"Cyberspace is both the popular medias new darling and new demon, revealing a new, expansive intellectual horizon but simultaneously providing easy access to an infinite, virtual Pandoras box† [1]. This paper shall discuss the situations that have raised the need for the Internet regulations, and in particular, Internet content censorship. Then, it shall review the regulatory efforts worldwide, with respect to the local cultures and governmental systems. Also, technological tools for regulating the Internet contents shall be presented. The ethical discussion shall focus on the right to regulate the Internet content, in light of the implications this restriction may have on the†¦show more content†¦- Forty children - 28 in London - are now under protective care. - The investigation, which will run at least until July 2003, has focused on anyone with access to children and in positions of authority, such as the police or magistrates. - Detective Constable Brian Stevens, 41 - an officer on the Holly and Jessica double murder case - has been charged with indecently assaulting three children and possessing indecent photos. The charges are not related to the double murder in Soham. - Police say many child porn sites are run from Eastern Europe. Britains high-tech crime unit has been working with police in countries such as Romania to shut them down. The questions that are rising in light of this multi-national cyber crime are: Can there be effective legislation to regulate pornographic and offensive websites when the country of origin may lack the will or means to enforce it? Which jurisdictional domain do such cases fall into? That of the point-of-origin, or the point-of-access? These and other dilemmas are created by the non-physical, non-geographical reality of the cyberspace. Reasons for regulating the Internet content There are many valid reasons for wanting to regulate the Internet content. Usually, the first reason that comes to mind is protecting children from improper content. This is primarily because ofShow MoreRelated Should the Internet be censored? Essay861 Words   |  4 Pages Should the Internet be censored? From colonial times to the present, the media in America has been subject to censorship challenges and regulations. The Internet has become a vast sea of opportunity. Everyone is seizing the moment. 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